Bibliography

(1880). The Telephone Suits: Bell Telephone Company Et Al. v. Peter A. Dowd. Part II: Exhibits of Complainants and Defendant. Boston: Alfred Judge & Son, Law Printers.

(1991). Improving Engineering Design: Designing for Competitive Edge. Washington, D.C.: National Academy Press.

Achenbach, J. (1997, Sunday, April 13). Almost heaven. The Washington Post, pp. F1, F4.

Adler, M. J. (1982). The Paideia proposal: an educational manifesto. New York: Macmillan.

Agarwal, B. (1997). Gender, environment and poverty interlinks: Regional variations and temporal shifts in rural India, 1971-91. World Development, 25(1), 23-52.

Albano, A. M. (1990). Morse and the Beginnings of Telegraphy. In D. P. Billington & A. M. Albano (Eds.), Episodes in American Invention: The steamboat and the telegraph (pp. 39-81). Basking Ridge, NJ: J.Wayman Williams Associates.

Alvarez, W. (1997). T.rex and the crater of doom. Princeton, NJ: Princeton University Press.

Amabile, T. M. (1994). The "Atmosphere of Pure Work": Creativity in Research and Development. In W. R. Shadish & S. Fuller (Eds.), The Social Psychology of Science (pp. 316-328). New York: The Guilford Press.

Amabile, T. M. (1996). Creativity in context. Boulder, CO: Westview Press.

Anderson, J. (1983). The Architecture of Cognition. Cambridge: Harvard University Press.

Anderson, R. C. (1995). The journey from there to here: The eco-odyssey of a CEO . Big Sky, Montana: U.S. Green Building Council.

Angell, M. (1996). Shattuck lecture--Evaluating the health risks of breast implants, the interplay of medical science, the law, and public opinion. New England Journal of Medecine, 234(23), 1513-1518.

Angell, M. (1996). Science on trial: The clash of medical evidence and the law in the breat implant case. New York: W.W. Norton & Co.

Angell, M. (1997, January). Breast implants and the abuse of science. Consumer's Research, 14-19.

Anzai, Y. (1991). Learning and use of representations for physics expertise. In K. A. Ericsson & J. Smith (Eds.), Toward a general theory of expertise . Cambridge: Cambridge University Press.

Argenti, P. A. (1998). Dow Corning. Burr Ridge, IL: McGraw-Hill.

Asch, S. E. (1956). Studies of independence and conformity. A minority of one against a unanimous majority. Psychological Monographs, 70(9, Whole No. 16).

Ashley, J. N. (October 21, 1876). Transmission of musical tones by electricity. Article II.--Application to telegraphy. The Telegrapher, 12, 253-254.

Assessment, O. o. T. (1986). Strategic defenses: Ballistic missile defense technologies, anti-satellite weapons, countermeasures, and arms control. Princeton: Princeton University Press.

Assessment, O. o. T. (1992). Green Products by Design: Choices for a Cleaner Environment . Washington, D.C.: US Government Printing Office.

Associated, P. (1992, Wednesday, January 8). Leach didn't lie about breast implant safety. Midland Daily News, pp. A3.

Baars, B. (1986). The Cognitive Revolution in Psychology. New York: Guilford Press.

Bailey, G. (1990). Galileo's children: Science, Sakharov and the power of the state. New York: Little, Brown & Company.

Bailey, R. (1993). EcoScam. New York: St. Martin's Press.

Bailing, R. C. (*). Global warming: Messy models, decent data, and pointless policy. In R. Bailey? (Ed.), The true state of the planet .

Baille, J. (1872). The Wonders of Electricity. New York: Charles Scribner.

Bakke, J. W. (October, 1994, ). Technologies and interpretations: The case of the telephone. Paper presented at the Society for the Social Studies of Science, New Orleans.

Baldwin, N. (1995). Edison: Inventing the Century. New York: Hyperion.

Banaji, M. R. C., R. G. (1989). The bankruptcy of everyday memory. American Psychologist, 44, 1185-1193.

Bank, T. W. (1989). Sub-Saharan Africa: From Crisis to Sustainable Growth (pp. 299). Washington, D.C.: The International Bank for Reconstruction and Development.

Banville, J. (1981). Kepler: A Novel. Boston: David R. Godine.

Barbash, F. (1995, October 14, 1995). Anti-nuclear physicist wins peace Nobel. Washington Post, pp. A1, A20.

Barker, P. (1989). The reflexivity problem in the psychology of science. In B. Gholson, Shadish, W. R., Neimeyer, R. A. & Houts, A. C. (Ed.), Psychology of Science: Contributions to Metascience (pp. 92-114). Cambridge: Cambridge University Press.

Barnes, B. (1985). About science. Oxford, UK: Basil Blackwell, Ltd.

Barnes, B., Bloor, D., & Henry, J. (1996). Scientific knowledge: a sociological analysis. London: The Athalone Press.

Basalla, G. (1988). The evolution of technology. Cambridge, MA: Cambridge University Press.

Bast, J. L., Hill, P. J., & Rue, R. C. (1994). Eco-Sanity: A common-sense guide to environmentalism. Lanham, MD: Madison Books.

Bazerman, C. (1988). Shaping Written Knowledge: The Genre and Activity of the Experimental Article in Science. Madison: University of Wisconsin Press.

Bechtel, W., & Abrahamsen, A. (1991). Connectionism and the mind: An introduction to parallel processing in networks. Cambridge, MA: Basil Blackwell.

Beckman, P. R., Campbell, L., Crumlish, P. W., Doblowski, M. N., & Lee, S. P. (1989). The nuclear predicament. Englewood Cliffs, NJ: Prentice-Hall.

Bell, A. G. (1876). Experiments made by A. Graham Bell (Vol. I, ): Bell Family Papers, Library of Congress.

Bell, A. G. (1876). The Multiple Telegraph. Boston: Franklin Press.

Bell, A. G. (1908). The Bell Telephone: Deposition of Alexander Graham Bell. Boston: American Bell Telephone Co.

Berkenkotter, C., & Huckin, T. N. (1995). Genre knowledge in disciplinary communication: Cogniton/culture/power. Hillsdale, NJ: Lawrence Erlbaum Associates.

Berkowitz, L., & Donnerstein, E. (1982). External validity is more than skin deep: Some answers to criticisms of laboratory experiments. American Psychologist, 37, 245-257.

Bernick, D. (February 1, 1995). Gladys J. Laas et al. vs. Dow Corning Corporation et al.

Closing Arguments, Cause No. 93-04266 (Vol. 2, pp. 45-142). Harris County, Texas.

Bernstein, J. (1978). Experiencing Science. New York: E. P. Dutton.

Bernstein, M. (1991). Deeply intertwingled hypertext: The navigation problem reconsidered. Technical Communication (First Quarter), 41-47.

Beverdige, W. I. B. (1957). The Art of Scientific Investigation. New York: Vintage Books.

Bilington, D. P. (1990). Robert Fulton and the Steamboat, Episodes in American Invention . Basking Ridge, NJ: J. Wayman Williams Associates.

Bishop, J. E. (1994, July 14). Nuclear family: Some scientists press search for cold fusion despite failure of '89. Wall Street Journal, CCXXIV, A1, A4.

Black, M. (1962). Models and Metaphors. Ithaca: Cornell University Press.

Blake, C. (1875). The use of the membra tympani as a phonautograph. Boston Medical and Surgical Journal, 92, 121-124.

Bliss, M. (1982). The Discovery of Insulin. Chicago: University of Chicago Press.

Boden, M. (1990). The Creative Mind: Myths and Metaphors. New York: Basic Books.

Bradshaw, G. L., Langley, P., & Simon, H. A. (1983). Studying scientific discovery by computer simulation. Science, 222, 971-975.

Bradshaw, G. (1992). The Airplane and the Logic of Invention. In R. N. Giere (Ed.), Cognitive Models of Science (Vol. XV, pp. 239-250). Minneapolis: University of Minnesota Press.

Brannigan, A. (1981). The Social Basis of Scientific Discoveries. Cambridge: Cambridge University Press.

Brannigan, A. (1989). Artificial intelligence and the attributional model of scientific discovery. Social Studies of Science, 19, 601-613.

Bredo, E. (1994). Reconstructing educational psychology: Situated cognition and Deweyain pragmatism. Educational Psychologist, 29(1), 23-35.

Brewer, W. F., & Samarapungavan, A. (1991). Children's theories vs. scientific theories: Differences in reasoning or differences in knowledge? In R. R. Hoffman & D. S. Palermo (Eds.), Cogniton and the symbolic processes: Applied and ecological perspectives . Hillsdale, NJ: Lawrence Erlbaum Associates.

Brewer, W. F., & Chinn, C. A. (1992, ). Entrenched beliefs, inconsistent information, and knowledge change. Paper presented at the Proceedings of 1991 International Conferences on the Learning Sciences, Charlottesville.

Bringuier, J.-C. (1980). Conversations with Jean Piaget. Chicago: University of Chicago Press.

Broadbent, D. E. (1987). Lasting representations and temporary processes (Paper presented in honor of Endel Tulving ): University of Toronto.

Brown, L. R. (1978). The twenty ninth day: Accomodating human needs and numbers to the earth's resources. New York: W.W. Norton & Co.

Brown, K. A. (1988). Inventors at work. Redmond, WA: Microsoft Press.

Brown, H. (1989). Toward a cognitive psychology of what? Social Epistemology, 3, 129-138.

Brown, W., & B.Ottaway, D. (1997, June 2). Small victims of a flawed safety device: Public perception of air bags shifts over risks to children. The Washington Post, pp. A1, A10-11.

Browne, M. W. (1989, August 15). Face off in Italy: What killed the dinosaurs? The New York Times, pp. C1, C11.

Bruce, R. (1956). Lincoln and the tools of war. New York: Bobbs-Merrill.

Bruce, R. V. (1973). Bell: Alexander Graham Bell and the Conquest of Solitude. Boston: Little, Brown.

Bruce, R. V. (1976). The American Style of Invention: Alexander Graham Bell and the Strategy of Invention. American Patent Law Association Bulletin(June), 354-369.

Bruner, J., Goodnow, J., & Austin G. (1956). A Study of Thinking. New York: John Wiley.

Brush, S. G. (1992). How Cosmology Became a Science. Scientific American, 267(August), 62-70.

Brush, S. (1993). Prediction and theory evaluation: Cosmic microwaves and the revival of the Big Bang. Perspectives on Science, 1(4), 565-602.

Bucciarelli, L. J. (1994). Designing engineers. Cambridge, MA: MIT Press.

Burnham, J. (1987). How superstition won and science lost: Popularizing science and health in the United States. Rutgers, NJ: Rutgers University Press.

Burton, T. M. (1996). "Breast Implant Study is Fresh Fuel for Debate". The Wall Street Journal(February 28, 1996), B1, B4.

Butler, G. L. (1997, Sunday, January 12). The General's bombshell: What happened when I called for phasin out the U.S. nuclear arsenal. The Washington Post, pp. C1-2.

Byrne, J. A. (1995). Informed consent: A story of personal tragedy and corporate betrayal...Inside the silicone breast implant criss. New York: McGraw-Hill.

Calmenson, D. W. (1995, May). Industrial Revolution II. Interiors & Sources, http://www.mbdc.com/newhome.html.

Calmenson, D. W. (1997, April). From generation to generation: A conversation with William McDonough. Interiors & Sources, http://www.isdesignet.com/Magazine/ArticleIndex.html#021.

Campbell, J. (1968). The Hero With a Thousand Faces. (2nd ed.). Princeton, NJ: Princeton University Press.

Campbell, D. T. (1989). Fragments of the fragile history of psychological epistemology and theory of science. In B. Gholson, Shadish Jr., W. R., Neimeyer, R. A., & Houts, A. C. (Ed.), Psychology of Science (pp. 21-46). Cambridge: Cambridge University Press.

Cantor, G. N. (1985). Reading the book of Nature: The relation between Faraday's religion and his science. In D. Gooding & F. James (Eds.), Faraday Rediscovered: Essays on the lIfe and Work of Michael Faraday: !791-1867 . New York: Stockton Press.

Cantor, G., Gooding, D., & James, F. A. J. L. (1996). Michael Faraday. Atlantic Highlands, NJ: Humanities Press.

Carey, S. (1985). Conceptual Change in Childhood. Cambridge: MIT Press.

Carey, S. (1992). The Origin and Evolution of Everyday Concepts. In R. N. Giere (Ed.), Cognitive Models of Science (Vol. 15, pp. 89-128). Minneapolis: University of Minnesota Press.

Carlson, W. B. (1984). Invention, science and business: The professional career of Eilihu Thomson, 1870-1900. Unpublished Ph.D. dissertation, History and Sociology of Science, University of Pennsylvania.

Carlson, W. B. G., M. E. (1989). Thinking and doing at Menlo Park: Edison's development of the telephone, 1876-1878. In W. Pretzer (Ed.), Thomas Edison's Menlo Park Laboratory . Detroit: Wayne Stat University Press.

Carlson, W. B., & Gorman, M. E. (1990). Understanding invention as a cognitive process: The case of Thomas Edison and early motion pictures, 1888-1891. Social Studies of Science, 20, 387-430.

Carlson, W. B. (1991). Innovation as a social process: Elihu Thomson and the rise of General Electric, 1870-1900. New York: Cambridge University Press.

Carlson, W. B., & Gorman, M. E. (1992). A cognitive framework to understand technological creativity: Bell, Edison, and the telephone. In R. J. P. Weber, D. N. (Ed.), Inventive minds: Creativity in technology (pp. 48-79). Oxford: Oxford University Press.

Carlson, W. B. (1994). Entrepreneurship in the early development of the telephone: How did William Orton and Gardiner Hubbard conceptualize this new technology? Business and Economic History, 23(2), 161-192.

Carlson, W. B. G., M. E. (In Press). Using a cognitive framework to understand invention. In R. Weber, & Perkins, D. (Ed.), The Inventing Mind . Oxford: Oxfod University Press.

Carlson, W. B. (In Press). Innovation and the modern corporation: From heroic invention to industrial science. In J. Krige & D. Pestre (Eds.), Science in the Twentieth Century .

Carlton, J., & Gomes, L. (1997, Thursday, August 7). Jobs juices up Apple with surprise Gates deal. Wall Street Journal, pp. B1, B6.

Carson, R. (1962). Silent spring. New York: Fawcett Crest.

Casey, S. (1993). Set phasers on stun and other true tales of design, technology and human error. Santa Barbara: Aegean Publishing Co.

Caspar, M. (1993). Kepler (C. Doris Hellman, Trans.). New York: Dover Publications, Inc.

Ceci, S. J. P., D. P. (1982). Peer review: A study of reliability. Change, 14(6), 44-48.

Cetina, K. K. (1992). The couch, the cathedral and the laboratory: On the relationship between experiment and laboratory in science. In A. Pickering (Ed.), Science as practice and culture (pp. 113-138). Chicago: University of Chicago Press.

Chalmers, A. F. (1979). What is this thing called Science? St. Lucia, Queensland: University of Queensland Press.

Chambers, D. R., D. (1985). Can mental images be ambiguous? Journal of Experimental Psychology: Human Perception and Performance, 11, 317-328.

Chapman, L. J. C., J. P. (1969). Illusory correlation as an obstacle to the use of valid psychodiagnostic signs. Journal of Abnormal Psychology, 74, 271-280.

Chapman, G. (June 6, 1996). The Sokal affair. Feedline: Annals of Academia, http://www.feedmag.com/96.06chapman/96.06chapman.html.

Cheney, M. (1981). Tesla: Man out of time. Englewood Cliffs, NJ: Prentice Hall.

Cheng, P. C.-H. (1992). Approaches, models and issues in computational scientific discovery. In M. T. Keane & K. J. Gilhooly (Eds.), Advances in the psychology of thinking (Vol. I, pp. 203-236). London.

Cheng, P. C.-H., & Simon, H. (1992, ). The right representation for discovery: Finding the conservation of momentum. Paper presented at the Machine Learning: Proceedings of the Ninth International Conference, San Mateo, CA.

Cheng, P. C.-H., & Simon, H. A. (1995). Scientific discovery and creative reasoning with diagrams. In S. M. Smith, T. B. Ward, & R. A. Finke (Eds.), The creative cognition approach . Cambridge, MA: MIT Press.

Cheng, P. C.-H. (1996). Problem solving and learning with diagrammatic representations in physics. In D. Peterson (Ed.), Forms of Representation (pp. 47-66). Exeter, U.K.: Intellect Books.

Chi, M. T. H., Feltovich, P. J., & Glaser, R. (1981). Categorization and representation of physics problems by experts and novices. Cognitive Science, 5, 121-152.

Chi, M. T. H., Bassok, M., Lewis, M. W., Reimann, P., & Glaser, R. (1989). Self-explanations: How students study and use examples in learning to solve problems. Cognitive Science, 13, 145-182.

Chi, M. T. H. (1992). Conceptual change within and across ontological categories: Examples from learning and discovery in science. In R. N. Giere (Ed.), Cognitive Models of Science (Vol. 15, pp. 129-186). Minneapolis: University of Minnesota Press.

Chou, D.-L., & Calkins, D. E. (Eds.). (1994). ECSEL: Introduction to Design Engineering Active Learning Modules: A Catalogue. Department of Mechanical Engineering, FU-10

University of Washington: Copy Services, University of Washington, DS-12

B-042 Communications Bldg.

Seattle, WA 98195.

Christianson, G. E. (1984). In the Presence of the Creator: Isaac Newton and His Times. New York: The Free Press.

Churchland, P. M. (1989). Mind and Sciene: A Neurocomputational Perspective. Cambridge: MIT Press.

Cicchetti, D. V., Conn, H. O. & Eron, L. D. (1991). The reliability of peer review for manuscript and grant submissions: A cross-disciplinary investigation. Behavioral and Brain Sciences, 14, 119-186.

Clancey, W. J. (1993). Situated action: A neurpsychological interpretation (response to Vera and Simon). Cognitive Science, 17, 87-107.

Clancy, M. J., & Linn, M. C. (1996). Designing Pascal solutions: Case-studies using data structures. New York: Computer Science Press.

Clement, J. (1982). Students preconceptions in introductory mechanics. American Journal of Physics, 50, 66-71.

Clement, J. (1983). A conceptual model discussed by Galileo and used intuitively by physics students. In D. S. Gentner, A. L. (Ed.), Mental Models . Hillsdale, New Jersey: Lawrence Erlbaum Associates.

Clement, J. (1988). Observed methods for generating analogies in scientific problem solving. Cognitive Science, 12, 563-586.

Clement, J. (1989). Lerning via model construction and criticism: Protocol evidence on sources of creativity in science. In J. A. Glover, R. R. Ronning, & C. R. Reynolds (Eds.), Handbook of Creativity (pp. 341-381). New York: Plenum Press.

Clement, J. (1991). Experts and science students: The use of analogies, extreme cases, and physical intuition. In J. F. Voss, D. N. Perkins, & S. J. W. (Eds.), Informal Reasoning and Education . Hillsdale: Lawrence Erlbaum Associates.

Close, F. (1991). Too hot to handle: The race for cold fusion. Princeton, NJ: Princeton University Press.

Cohen, L. J. (1981). Can human irrationality be experimentally demonstrated? Behavioral and Brain Sciences, 14, 317-370.

Colangelo, N., Assouline, S. G., Kerr, B., Huesman, R., & Johnson, D. (1993). Mechanical Inventiveness: A three-phase study, The origins and development of high ability (pp. 160-174): Ciba Foundation Symposium 178.

Collins, H. M. P., T. J. (1982). Frames of Meaning: The Social Construction of Extraordinary Science. London: Routledge & Kegan Paul.

Collins, H. M. (1985). Changing Order: Replication and Induction in Scientific Practice. London: Sage Publications.

Collins, A., & Smith, E. (Eds.). (1988). Readings in cognitive science: A perspective from psychology and artificial intelligence. San Francisco: Morgan Kaufmann.

Collins, H. M. (1990). Artificial Experts. Cambridge: MIT Press.

Collins, H. M., & Yearley, S. (1992). Epistemological chicken. In A. Pickering (Ed.), Science as practice and culture . Chicago: University of Chicago Press.

Collins, H. M., & Pinch, T. (1993). The Golem: What everyone should know about science. Cambridge, UK: Cambridge University Press.

Collins, R. (October 20, 1995, ). Three Long-Term Discovery-Making Networks: Philosophers, Mathematicians and Scientists. Paper presented at the Society for Social Studies of Science, Charlottesville, VA.

Commoner, B. (1971). The closing circle: Nature, man & technology. New York: Bantam Books.

Commoner, B. (1990). Making peace with the planet. New York: Pantheon Books.

Cook, L. S., Daling, J. R., Voigt, L. F., deHart, M. P., Malone, K. E., Stanford, J. L., Weiss, N. S., Brinton, L. A., Gammon, M. D., & Brogan, D. (1997). Characteristics of women with and without berast augmentation. Journal of the American Medical Association, 277(20), 1612-1617.

Cosmides, L. (1989). The logic of social exchange: Has natural selection shaped how humans reason? Studies with the Wason selection task. Cognition, 31, 187-276.

Council, N. R. (1991). Improving Engineering Design. Washington, D.C.: National Academy Press.

Covey, S. R. (1989). The seven habits of highly effective people. New York: Simon & Schuster.

Crane, D. (1972). Invisible Colleges: Diffusion of Knowledge in Scientific Communities. Chicago: University of Chicago Press.

Crouch, T. (1989). The Bishop's Boys: A Life of Wilbur and Orville Wright. New York: W. W. Norton.

Crouch, T. (1992). Why Wilbur and Orville? In R. J. Weber & D. N. Perkins (Eds.), Inventive Minds . New York: Oxford University Press.

Crutchfield, R. S. (1955). Conformity and character. American Psychologist, 10, 191-198.

Csiksenmihalyi, M. (1996). Creativity. New York: Harper Collins.

Darden, L. (1990). Diagnosing and fixing faults in theories. In J. L. Shrager, P. (Ed.), Computational Models of Discovery and Theory Formation (pp. 319-354). San Mateo, CA: Morgan Kaufmann Publishers, Inc.

Darley, J. M., Glucksberg, S., & Kinchla, R. A. (1988). Psychology. (4th ed.). Englewood Cliffs, NJ: Prentice-Hall.

Dasgupta, S. (1994). Computational and cognitive explorations of technological originality. Cambridge: Cambridge University Press.

Dasgupta, P. S. (1995). Population, poverty and the local environment. Scientific American(February), 40-45.

Davis, M. (1989). Explaining Wrongdoing. Journal of Social Philosophy, 20, 74-90.

Davis, M. (1991). Thinking like an engineer: The place of a code of ethics in the practice of a profession. Philosophy and Public Affairs, 20, 150-167.

de Gelder, B. (1989). Granny, the naked emperor, and the second cognitive revolution. In S. Fuleer, De Mey, M., Shinn, T. & Woolgar, S. (Ed.), The Cognitive Turn: Sociological and Psychological Perspectives on Science (pp. 97-118). Dordrecht, The Netherlands: Kluwer.

de Groot, A. D. (1983). Heuristics, mental programs and intelligence. In M. Groner, Groner, R. & Bischof, W. F. (Ed.), Methods of Heuristics (pp. 109-130). Hillsdale, NJ: Lawrence Erlbaum Associates.

De Kleer, J. B., J. S. (1983). Assumptions and ambiguities in mechanistic mental models. In D. S. Gentner, A. L. (Ed.), Mental Models (pp. 155-190). Hillsdale, NJ: Lawrence Erlbaum Associtates.

De Mey, M. (1989). Cognitive paradigms and the psychology of science. In B. Gholson, Shadish, W. R., Neimeyer, R. A., & Houts, A. C. (Ed.), Psychology of Science: Contributions to Metascience (pp. 275-295). Cambridge: Cambridge University Press.

Deapen, D. M., & Brody, G. S. (1997). Are breast implants anticarcinogenic? A 14-year follow-up of the Los Angeles study. Plastic & Reconstructive Surgery, 99, 1346-1353.

Dee-Lucas, D., & Larkin, J. H. (1988). Novice rules for assessing importance in scientific texts. Journal of Memory and Language, 27, 288-308.

DeMey, M. (1992). The Cognitive Paradigm. Chicago: University of Chicago Press.

Desmond, A., & Moore, J. (1991). Darwin: The life of a tormented evolutionist. New York: Warner Books, Inc.

Dessauer, J. H. (1971). My years with Xerox: The billions nobody wanted. New York: Manor Books, Inc.

Doherty, M. E., & Tweney, R. D. (1988). The role of data and feedback error in inference and prediction (Final report for ARI Contract MDA903-85-K-0193 ).

Donovan, A. (1987). Explaining scientific change: Theoretical claims and historical cases. Isis, 78, 75-76.

Donovan, A., Laudan, L., & Laudan, R. (Eds.). (1988). Scrutinizing science: Empirical studies of scientific change. Dordrecht, The Netherlands: Kluwer Academic Press.

Dorner, D. (1983). Heuristics and cognition in complex systems. In M. Groner, Groner, R., & Bischof, W. F. (Ed.), Methods of Heuristics (pp. 89-108). Hillsdale, NJ: Lawrence Erlbaum Associates.

Dunbar, K. (1989, ). Scientific reasoning strategies in a simulated molecular genetics environment. Paper presented at the Program of the Eleventh Annual Conference of the Cognitive Science Society, Ann Arbor, MI.

Dunbar, K. (1995). How scientists really reason: Scientific reasoning in real-world laboratories. In R. J. Sternberg & J. Davidson (Eds.), The nature of insight (pp. 365-396). Cambridge, MA: MIT Press.

Dunbar, K. (1997). How scientists think. In T. B. Ward, S. M. Smith, & J. Vaid (Eds.), Creative Thought . Washington, D.C.: American Psychological Association.

Dyer, F. L., Martin, T. C. & Meadowcroft, W. H. (1929). Edison, His lIfe and Inventions (two volumes). New York: Harper's.

Eddington, A. S. (1934/1959). New Pathways in Science . Cambridge: Cambridge University Press.

Edge, D. (1974). Technological metaphor and social control. New Literary History, 6, 135-147.

Ehrlich, P. R., Ehrlich, A. H., & Daily, G. C. (1995). The stork and the plow. New York: G.P. Putnam's Sons.

Ehrlich, P., & Ehrlich, A. (1996). Betrayal of science and reason: How anti-environmental rhetoric threatens our future: Island Press.

Einhorn, H. J. H., R. M. (1978). Confidence in judgment: Persistence of the ilusion of validity. Psychological Review, 85, 395-416.

Einstein, A., & Infeld, L. (1938). The Evolution of Physics. New York: Simon & Schuster.

Epstein, W. M. (1990). Confirmation response bias among social work journals. Science, Technology and Human Values, 15, 9-38.

Ericsson, K. A., & Simon, H. A. (1984). Protocol Analysis: Verbal Reports as Data. Cambridge, MA: MIT Press.

Ericsson, K. A., & Charness, N. (1994). Expert performance: Its structure and acquisition. American Psychologist, 49(8), 725-747.

Ertas, A., & Jones, J. C. (1993). The engineering design process. New York: John Wiley & Sons, Inc.

Evans, J. S. B. E. (1983). Thinking and reasoning. London: Routledge & Kegan Paul.

Evans, J. S. B. T. (1983). Selective processes in reasoning. In J. S. B. T. Evans (Ed.), Thinking and reasoning (pp. 135-163). London: Routledge & Kegan Paul.

Evans, J. S. B. T. (1992). Bias in thinking and judgement. In M. T. Keane & K. Gilhooley (Eds.), Advances in the Psychology of Thinking (Vol. I, pp. 95-126). London: Harvester Wheatsheaf.

Farah, D. (1997, June 21). Salvadorans facing ecological disaster. Civil War's damage pales in comparison. The WAshington Post, pp. A15, A17.

Farris, H., & Revlin, R. (1989). The discovery process: A counterfactual strategy. Social Studies of Science, 19, 497 - 513.

Farris, H., & Revlin, R. (1989a). Sensible reasoning in two tasks: Rule discovery and hypothesis evaluation. Memory & Cognition, 17(2), 221-232.

Farris, H., & Revlin, R. (1991). Rule discovery strategies: Falsification without disconfirmation (Replye to Gorman). Social Studies of Science, 21(3), 565-567.

Faust, D. (1984). The Limits of Scientific Reasoning. Minneapolis: University of Minnesota Press.

Feigenbaum, E. A., & Buchanan, B. G. (1993). DENDRAL and Meta-DENDRAL: Roots of knowledge systems and expert system applications. Artificial Intelligence, 59, 233-240.

Feigenbaum, E. (1995, ). How the what becomes how. Paper presented at the Speech to the School of Engineering and Applied Science, University of Virginia.

Feist, G. J. (1993). A structural model of scientific eminence. Psychological Science, 4(6), 366-371.

Feist, G. (October 21, 1995, ). Do hostile and arrogant scientists become eminent or are meinent scientists likely to become hostile and arrogant? Paper presented at the Society for Social Studies of Science, Charlottesville, VA.

Ferguson, E. (1977). The mind's eye: Nonverbal thought in technology. Science, 197, 827-836.

Ferguson, E. S. (1992). Engineering and the Mind's Eye. Cambridge, MA: MIT Press.

Feyerabend, P. (1970). Consolations for the specialist. In I. Lakatos, & Musgrave, A. (Ed.), Criticism and the Growth of Knowledge . London: Cambridge University Press.

Feyerabend, P. (1975). Against Method. Thetford, Norfolk, UK: The Thetford Press.

Feynman, R. (1974). Cargo cult science. Pasadena, CA: http://www.astro.washington.edu/ingram/edu/a101.sp94.cargocult.

Finke, R. A. (1989). Principles of Mental Imagery. Cambrdige, MA: Bradford/MIT Press.

Finke, R. (1990). Creative Imagery: Discoveries and Inventions in Visualization. Hillsdale, N.J.: Lawrence Erlbaum Associates.

Finn, B. S. (1966). Alexander Graham Bell's experiments with the variable resistance transmitter. Smithsonian Journal of History, 1(Winter), 1-16.

Fitzgerald, N. (1995). Teaching with cases. ASEE Prism(March), 16-20.

Flanagan, O. (1984). The Science of the Mind. Cambridge: MIT Pres.

Flatow, I. (1992). They All Laughed... New York: HarperCollins.

Flower, L., & Hayes, J. R. (1984). Images, plans and prose: The representation of meaning in writing. Written Communication, 1, 120-160.

Fodor, J. A. (1983). The Modulairty of the Mind. Cambridge: MIT Press.

Forsyth, D. R. (1990). Group dynamics. (2nd ed.). Pacific Grove, CA: Brooks/Cole Publishing Company.

Freedman, E. (In Press). A computational approach to scientific controversitesL The case of latent learning. In R. N. Giere (Ed.), Cognitive Models of Science. Minesota Studies in Philosophy of Science .

Freeman, R. E. (1997, ). Toward a life-center ethic for business. Paper presented at the Environmental challenges to business, The Darden School, University of Virginia.

Friedel, R., & Israel, P. (1985). Edison's Electric Light: Biography of an Invention. New Brunswick: Rutgers University Press.

Friedel, R. (1994). Zipper: An Exploration in Novelty. New York: W.W. Norton & Co.

Friedman, M. (1996). The social responsibility of business is to increase its profits. In T. Donaldson & P. H. Werhane (Eds.), Ethical issues in business (pp. 222-227). Upper Saddle River, NJ: Prentice-Hall.

Fuller, S. (1987). On regulating what is known: A way to social epistemology. Synthese, 73, 145-183.

Fuller, S. (1988). Social Epistemology. Bloomington: Indiana University Press.

Fuller, S. (1989). Philosophy of Science and Its Discontents. Boulder: Westview Press.

Fuller, S. (1993). Philosophy, Rhetoric, and the End of Knowledge: The Coming of Science & Technology Studies. Madison: University of Wisconsin Press.

Galison, P. (1987). How experiments end. Chicago: University of Chicago Press.

Gamson, W. A. (1991). SIMSOC: Simulated Society, Coordinator's Manual. New York: Free Press.

Garcia, J. (1981). Titlting at the paper mills of academe. American Psychologist, 36(2), 149-158.

Gardner, M. (1977). On playing New Eleusis, the game that simulates the search for truth. Scientific American, 237(4), 18-25.

Gardner, H. (1983). Frames of Mind: The Theory of Multiple Intelligences. New York: Basic Books.

Gardner, H. (1985). The Mind's New Science: A History of the Cognitive Revolution. New York: Basic Books.

Gell-Mann, M. (1994). The Quark and the Jaguar: Adventures in the simple and complex. New York: W.H. Freeman & Co.

Gentner, D. (1980). The structure of analogical models in science (#4451): Bolt, Beranek and Newman Report.

Gentner, D., & Gentner, G. R. (1983). Flowing waters or teeming crowds: Mental models of electricity. In D. Gentner, & Stevens, A. L. (Ed.), Mental Models (pp. 99-129). Hillsdale, NJ: Lawrence Erlbaum Associates.

Gentner, D., & Stevens, A. L. (Eds.). (1983). Mental Models. Hillsdale, N. J.: Lawrence Erlbaum.

Gentner, D., & Clement, C. (1988). Evidence for relational selectivity in the interpretation of analogy and metaphor. In G. H. Bower (Ed.), The Psychology of Learning and Motivation: Advances in Research and Theory (Vol. 22, pp. 307-358). New York: Academic Press, Inc.

Gentner, D., Brem, S., Ferguson, R., Wolff, P., Markham, A. B., & Forbus, K. (1997). Analogy and creativity in the works of Johannes Kepler. In T. B. Ward, S. M. Smith, & J. Vaid (Eds.), Creative Thought (pp. 403-459). Washington, D.C.: American Psychological Association.

Giere, R. N. (1988). Explaining Science: A Cognitive Approach. Chicago: University of Chicago Press.

Giere, R. N. (1989(a)). Computer discovery and human interests. Social Studies of Science, 19(4).

Giere, R. N. (1989(b)). What does expalnatory coherence explain? Behavioral and Brain Sciences, 12, 475-476.

Giere, R. N. (Ed.). (1992). Cognitive Models of Science. (Vol. XV). Minneapolis: University of Minnesota Press.

Gill, G. K. (March 28, 1991). Bell and Edison (A). In S. C. Wheelwright (Ed.) . Boston: Harvard Business School.

Gilligan, C. (1982). In a different voice: Psychological theory and women's development. Cambridge, MA: Harvard University Press.

Gingerich, O. (Ed.). (1982). Scientific genius and creativity. New York: W.H. Freeman & Co.

Gioia, D. (1992). Pinto fires and personal ethics. Journal of Business Ethics, 11, 384-385.

Gleick, J. (1992). Genius. New York: Pantheon Books.

Goel, V. (1995). Sketches of thought. Cambridge, MA: MIT Press.

Goldberg, D. E. (1993). Making genetic algorthims fly: A lesson from the Wright Brothers. Advanced Technology for Developers, 2(February), 1-8.

Goodchild, P. (1981). J. Robert Oppenheimer : shatterer of worlds. Boston: Houghton Mifflin.

Goodfield, J. (1982). An imagined world: A story of scientfic discovery. New York: Penguin Books.

Gooding, D. (1985). In Nature's school: Faraday as an experimentalist. In D. Gooding & F. James (Eds.), Farady Rediscovered: Essays on the lIfe and Work of Michael Faraday: !791-1867 . New York: Stockton Press.

Gooding, D. (1989). "Magnetic curves" and the magnetic field: Experimentation and representation in the history of a theory. In D. Gooding, Pinch, T., & Schaffer, S. (Ed.), The uses of expreiment . Cambridge: Cambridge University Press.

Gooding, D. (1990). Experiment and the Making of Meaning: Human Agency in Scientific Observation and Experiment. Dordrecht: Kluwer Academic Publishers.

Gooding, D. (1990). Mapping experiment as a learning process: How the first electromagnetic motor was invented. Science, Technology and Human Values, 15(2), 165-201.

Gooding, D., & Addis, T. (1990, September 14-17, ). Towards a dynamical representation of experimental procedures. Paper presented at the Rediscovering Skill in Science, Technology and Medicine, Bath, UK.

Gooding, D. C., & Addis, T. R. (1993). Modelling Faraday's experiments with visual functional programming 1: Models, methods and examples (Working Paper ): Joint Research Councils' Initiative on Cognitive Science & Human Computer Interaction Special Project Grant #9107137.

Gooding, D. (September, 1994, ). Picturing practice: the role of images in Faraday's experiments. Paper presented at the Princeton Visualization Workshop, Princeton, NJ.

Goran, M. (1979). Fact, Fraud and Pantasy: the Occult and Pseudosciences. New York: A. S. Barnes & Co.

Gorman, M. E., Lind, E. A., & Williams, D. C. (1977). The effects of previous success or failure on a majority-minority confrontation .

Gorman, M. E. (1981). Pre-war conformity research in social psychology: The approaches of Floyd H. Allport and Muzafer Sherif. Journal of the History of the Behavioral Sciences, 17, 3-14.

Gorman, M. E., & Gorman, Margaret E. (1984). A Comparison of disconfirmatory, confirmatory and a control stategy on Wason's 2-4-6 task. Quarterly Journal of Experimental Psychology, 36A, 629-648.

Gorman, M. E., Gorman, Margaret E., Latta, R. M., & Cunningham, G. (1984). How disconfirmatory, confirmatory and combined strategies affect group problem-solving. British Journal of Psychology, 75, 65-79.

Gorman, M. E. (1986). How the possibility of error affects falsification on a task that models scientific problem-solving. British Journal of Psychology, 77, 85-96.

Gorman, M. E. (1986). Falsification in experimental and classroom simulations. School Science and Mathematics, 86(4), 306-321.

Gorman, M. E. (1986). Poetic writing in psychology. In A. Young & T. Fulwiler (Eds.), Writing across the disciplines: Research into practice . Upper Montclair, NJ: Boynton/Cook.

Gorman, M. E. (1987). Will the next Kepler be a computer? Science & Technology Studies, 5, 63-65.

Gorman, M. E., Stafford, A., & Gorman, Margaret E. (1987). Disconfirmation and dual hypotheses on a more difficult version of Wason's 2-4-6 task. Quarterly Journal of Experimental Pyschology, 39A(1-28).

Gorman, M. E., & Carlson, W. B. (1989). Can experiments be used to study science? Social Epistemology, 3, 89-106.

Gorman, M. E. (1989(a)). Artificial epistemology? Social Studies of Science, 19(2), 374-380.

Gorman, M. E. (1989(b)). Beyond strong programmes. Social Studies of Science, 19(4), 643-653.

Gorman, M. E. (1989(c)). Error, falsification and scientific inference: An experimental investigation. Quarterly Journal of Experimental Psychology, 41A, 385-412.

Gorman, M. E. (1989(d)). Error and scientific reasoning: An experimental inquiry. In S. Fuller, De Mey, M., Shinn, T., & Woolgar, S. (Ed.), The Cognitive Turn: Sociological and Pyschological Perspectives on Science (Vol. 1989, pp. 41-70). Dodrecht, the Netherlands: Kluwer.

Gorman, M. E., & Carlson, W. B. (1990). Interpreting invention as a cognitive process: The case of Alexander Graham Bell, Thomas Edison and the telephone. Science, Technology and Human Values, 15, 131-164.

Gorman, M. E. (1991). Counterfactual simulations of science: A response to Farris and Revlin. Social Studies of Science, 21(3), 561-564.

Gorman, M. E. (1992). Simulating Science: Heuristics, Mental Models and Technoscientific Thinking. Bloomington: Indiana University Press.

Gorman, M. E. (1992). Simulating Social Epistemology: Experimental and Computational Approaches. In R. N. Giere (Ed.), Cognitive Models of Science (Vol. XV, pp. 400-426). Minneapolis: University of Minnesota Press.

Gorman, M. E. (1992). Experimental simulations of falsification. In M. T. Keane & K. J. Gilhooly (Eds.), Advances in the psychology of thinking (Vol. I, pp. 147-176). London: Harvester Wheatsheaf.

Gorman, M. E., Mehalik, M. M., Carlson, W. B., & Oblon, M. (1993). Alexander Graham Bell, Elisha Gray and the Speaking Telegraph: A Cognitive Comparison. History of Technology, 15, 1-56.

Gorman, M. E. (1994). Towards an Experimental Social Psychology of Science: Preliminary Results and Reflexive Observations. New York: Guilford Press.

Gorman, M., & Rosenwein, R. (1995). Simulating social epistemology. Social Epistemology, 9(1), 71-79.

Gorman, M. E. (1995). Confirmation, Disconfirmation and Invention: The Case of Alexander Graham Bell and the Telephone. Thinking and Reasoning, I(1), 31-53.

Gorman, M. E., Richards, L. G., Scherer, W. T., & Kagiwada, J. K. (1995). Teaching invention and design: Multi-disciplinary learning modules. The Journal of Engineering Education, 84(2), 175-186.

Gorman, M. E., & Kagiwada, J. K. (1995). Invention, design and discovery: A transdisciplinary quest. New Literary History, 26, 627-640.

Gorman, M. E. (1997). Mind in the World:

Cognition and Practice in the Invention of the Telephone. Social Studies of Science, 27 Number 4.

Gorman, M. E. (December, 1995, ). An error showed the way. Ericsson Connexion, 43.

Gorman, M. E. (In Press). Psychology of science. In W. O'Donohue & P. Kitchener (Eds.), Psychology and Philosophy: Interdisciplinary Problems and Responses : Allyn & Bacon.

Gorman, M. E. (In Press). Hypothesis testing. In S. Newstead & J. S. B. T. Evans (Eds.), Current Directions in Thinking and Reasoning . London: Lawrence Erlbaum Associates.

Gorman, M. E., & Plucker, J. A. (In Press). Teaching invention as critical creative processes: A course on technoscientific creativity. In M. A. Runco (Ed.), Critical Creative Processes . Norwood, NJ: Ablex Publishing Corporation.

Gorman, M. E. (In Press). Can a Computational Metaphor Explain Invention? Review of Subrata Dasgupta's Creativity in Invention and Design. Design Book Review.

Gorman, M. E. (In Press). Review of Howard Margolis' Paradigms and Barriers: How Habits of Mind Govern Scientific Beliefs. American Historical Review.

Gorman, M. E. (In Press). Review of Norbert Wiener's Invention: The Care and Feeding of Ideas. Technology and Culture.

Gorman, M. E., Plucker, J. A., & Callahan, C. M. (In Press). Turning Students into Inventors:

Active Learning Modules for Secondary Students. Phi Delta Kappan.

Gorman, M. E., & Robinson, J. K. (In Press). Using History to Teach Invention and Design: The Case of the Telephone. Science and Education.

Gorman, M. E., & Carlson, W. B. (October, 1992). Mapping Invention & Design. Chemtech, 584-591.

Gray, E. (1977). Experimental Researches in Electro-Harmonic Telegraphy and Telephony: 1867-1878. In G. Shiers (Ed.), The Telephone: An Historical Anthology (Vol. 10, pp. 9-96). New York: Arno Press.

Green, A. J. K., & Gilhooly, K. J. (1992). Emprical advances in expertise research. In M. T. Keane & K. J. Gilhooly (Eds.), Advances in the psychology of thinking (Vol. I, ). London: Harvester Wheatsheaf.

Greeno, J. G., & Moore, J. L. (1993). Situativity and symbols: Response to Vera and Simon. Cognitive Science, 17, 49-59.

Griggs, R., & Cox, J. R. (1982). The elusive thematic-materials effect in Wason's selection task. British Journal of Pyschology, 73, 407-420.

Griggs, R. (1983). The role of problem content in the selection task and THOG problem. In J. S. B. T. Evans (Ed.), Thinking and Reasoning: Psychological Approaches (pp. 16-43). London: Routledge & Kegan Paul.

Groner, M., Groner, R., & Bischof, W. F. (1983). Approaches to heuristics: A historical review. In M. Groner, Groner, R., & Bischof, W. F. (Ed.), Methods of Heuristics (pp. 1-18). Hillsdale, NJ: Lawrence Erlbaum Associates.

Gross, P. R., & Levitt, N. (1994). Higher Supersition: The Academic Left and its Quarrels with Science. Baltimore: The Johns Hopkins University Press.

Gruber, H., & Barrett, P. H. (1974). Darwin on Man. New York: Dutton.

Gruber, H. (1981). Darwin on Man: A Psychological Study of Scientific Creativity. (2nd ed.). Chicago: University of Chicago Press.

Gruber, H. E. (1989). Networks of enterprise in creative scientific work. In B. Gholson, Shadish, W. R., Neimeyer, R. A., & Houts, A. C. (Ed.), Psychology of Science: Contributions to Metascience (pp. 246-266). Cambridge: Cambridge University Press.

Gruber, H. (1995). Insight and affect in the history of science. In R. J. Sternberg & J. E. Davidson (Eds.), The nature of insight (pp. 397-431). Cambridge, MA: MIT Press.

Guzdial, M., Carlson, D., & Turns, J. (November, 1995, ). Facilitating learing design with software-realized scaffolding for collaboration. Paper presented at the Frontiers in Education, Atlanta, Georgia.

Hacker, B. C. (1992). The Gemini paraglider: A failure of scheduled innovation, 1961-64. Social Studies of Science, 22(2), 387-406.

Hanson, N. R. (1958). Patterns of Discovery: An Inquiry into the Conceptual Foundations of Science. New York: Cambridge University Press.

Hanson, D. (1982). The new alchemists: Silicon valley and the microelectronics revolution. Boston: Little, Brown & Co.

Haq, M. u., & Jolly, R. (1996). Human Development Report 1996. Oxford: Oxford University Press.

Haraway, D. (October 20, 1995, ). Higher superstitions, lower expectations and wider horizons: Science's bulldogs and their quarrels with feminist science studies. Paper presented at the Society for Social Studies of Science, Charottesville, VA.

Hardin, G. (1968). The tragedy of the commons. Science, 162, 1243-1248.

Hardin, G. (1993). Living within limits. Oxford: Oxford University Press.

Hargrove, E. C. (1989). Foundations of environmental ethics. Englewood Cliffs, NJ: Prentice Hall.

Harr, J. (1996). A Civil Action. New York: Vintage Books.

Harris, C. E., Pritchard, M. S., & Rabins, M. J. (1995). Engineering ethics: Concepts and cases. Belmont, CA: Wadsworth.

Haugeland, J. (1986). Artificial Intelligence: The Very Idea. Cambridge: MIT Press.

Hawken, P. (1993). The ecology of commerce. New York: HarperCollins Publishers.

Hawken, P. (1995). Taking the Natural Step. In Context(41).

Hawken, P., & McDonough, W. (November, 1993). Seven Steps to Doing Good Business. Inc., 79-92.

Hawkins, G. S., & White J. B. (1965). Stonehenge Decoded. Garden City, NY: Doubleday & Co.

Hazelton, R. A. (April 10, 1996, ). "How Does an Ethical Company Respond Ethically to Challenges to its Ethics?". Paper presented at the Caux Roudn Table, Principled Business Leadership in a Global Economy, Washington, D.C.

Hazleton, R. (1996). Real ethics in a real world. Business Ethics Resource, 10(1), 1, 3-4.

Henderson, K. (1995, ). Parallels in knowledge and practice: Engineers and workers. Paper presented at the Society for Social Studies of Science, Charlottesville, VA.

Hesse, M. B. (1966). Models and Analogies in Science. South Bend: University of Notre Dame Press.

Hicks, D., & Potter, J. (1991). Sociology of scientific knowledge: A reflexive citation analysis or Science disciplines and disciplining science. Social Studies of Science, 21, 459-501.

Hilgartner, S. (1997). The Sokal affair in context. Science, Technology and Human Values, 22(4), 506-522.

Hirokawa, R. Y. (1982). Group Communication and Problem-Solving Effectiveness I: A Critical Review of Inconsistent Findings. Communication Quarterly, 30(2), 134-141.

Hirokawa, R. Y. (1988). Group Communication and Decision-Making Performance: A Continued TEst of the Functional Perspective. Human Communication Research, 14(4), 487-515.

Hodges, A. (1983). Alan Turing: The Enigma. New York: Simon & Schuster.

Hoffman, R. R. (1980). Metaphor in science. In R. P. Honeck, & Hoffman, R. R. (Ed.), Cognition and Figurative Language (pp. 393-423). Hillsdale, NJ: Lawrence Erlbaum Associates.

Hofstadter, D. R. (1995). Fluid concepts and creative analogies: computer models of the fundamental mechanisms of thought. New York: Basic Books.

Holland, J. H., Holyoak, K. J., Nisbett, R. E., & Thagard, P. A. (1986). Induction: Processes of Inference, Learning and Discovery. Cambridge: MIT Press.

Holmes, F. L. (1980). Hans Krebs and the discovery of the ornithine cycle. Federation Proceedings, 39, 216-225.

Holmes, F. L. (1985). Lavoisier and the Chemistry of Life: An Exploration of Scientific Creativity. Madison: University of Wisconsin Press.

Holmes, F. (1987). Scientific writing and scientific discovery. Isis, 78, 220-235.

Holmes, F. L. (1989). Antoine Lavoisier and Hans Krebs: Two styles of scientific creativity. In D. B. Wallace & H. E. Gruber (Eds.), Creative People at Work: Twelve Cognitive Case Studies (pp. 44-68). Oxford: Oxford University Press.

Holmes, F. L. (1991). Hans Krebs: The formation of a scientific life, 1900-1933. (Vol. I). Oxford: Oxford University Press.

Holmes, F. L. (1993). Hans Krebs: Architect of intermediary metabolism, 1933-1937. Oxford: Oxford University Press.

Holton, G. (1973). Thematic Origins of Scientific Thought. Cambridge: Harvard University Press.

Holton, G. (1978). The Scientific Imagination: Case Studies. Cambridge: Cambridge University Press.

Holton, G. (1986). The Advancement of Science, and Its Burdens. Cambridge: Cambridge University Press.

Holyoak, K. J., & Thagard, P. (1995). Mental leaps. Cambridge, MA: MIT Press.

Hon, G. (1989). Towards a typology of experimental errors: An epistemological view. Studies in History and Philosophy of Science, 20(4), 469-504.

Hounshell, D. (1975). Elisha Gray and the telephone: On the disadvantages of being an expert. Technology and Culture, 16, 133-161.

Hounshell, D. A. (1976). Bell and Gray: Contrasts in style, politics and etiquette. Proceedings of the IEEE, 64, 1305-1314.

Hounshell, D. A. (1981). Two paths to the telephone. Scientific American, 244(January), 156-163.

Houts, A. C. (1989). Contributions of the psychology of science to metascience: A call for explorers. In B. Gholson, Shadish, W. R., Neimeyer, R. A., & Houts, A. C. (Ed.), Psychology of Science: Contributions to Metascience . Cambridge: Cambridge University Press.

Houts, A., & Gholson, B. (1989). Brownian notions: One historicist philosopher's resistance to psychology of science via three truisms and exological validity. Social Epistemology, 3, 139-146.

Hoyt, W. G. (1976). Lowell and Mars. Tuscon: The University of Arizona Press.

Hoyt, W. G. (1980). Planets X and Pluto. Tucson, AZ: University of Arizona Press.

Hughes, T. P. (1971). Elmer Sperry: Inventor and engineer. Baltimore, MD: The Johns Hopkins Press.

Hughes, T. P. (1977). Edison's Method. In W. B. Pickett (Ed.), Technology at the Turning Point . San Francisco: The San Francisco Press.

Hughes, T. (1983). Networks of power: Electrification in Western society: 1880-1930. Baltimore: Johns Hopkins University Press.

Hughes, T. P. (1987). The evolution of large technological systems. In W. E. Bjiker, T. P. Hughes, & T. J. Pinch (Eds.), The Social Construction of Technological Systems (pp. 51-82). Cambridge: MIT Press.

Huizenga, J. R. (1992). Cold Fusion: The Scientific Fiasco of the Century. Rochester, NY: University of Rochester Press.

Hunt, M. (1982). The Universe Within. New York: Simon & Schuster.

Hutchins, E. (1983). Understanding Micronesian navigation. In D. Gentner, & Stevens, A. L. (Ed.), Mental Models (Vol. 191-225, ). Hillsdale, NJ: Lawrence Erlbaum Associates.

Hutchins, E. (1995). Cognition in the Wild. Cambridge, MA: MIT Press.

Hutchins, E. (1995). How a cockpit remembers its speeds. Cognitive Science, 19(3), 265-288.

Hutchinson, T. E., White, K. P., Martin, W. N., Reichert, K. C., & Frey, L. A. (1989). Human-computer interaction using eye-gaze input. IEEE Transactions on Systems, Man, and Cybernetics, 19(6), 1527-1534.

Ihde, D. (1991). Instrumental realism: The interface between philosophy of science and philosophy of technology. Bloomington: Indiana University Press.

Insko, C. A., Thibaut, J. Wl, Moehle, D., Wilson, M., Diamond, W. D., Gilmore, R., Solomon, M. R., & Lipsitz, A. (1980). Social Evolution and the emergence of leadership. Journal of Personality and Social Pyschology, 39, 431-448.

Ippolito, M. F., & Tweney, R. D. (1995). The inception of insight. In R. J. Sternberg & J. E. Davidson (Eds.), The nature of insight (pp. 433-462). Cambridge, MA: MIT Press.

Irwin, A., & Winn, B. (1996). Misunderstanding science? The public reconstruction of science and technology. Cambridge, UK: Cambridge University Press.

Isaak, M. I., & Just, M. M. (1995). Constraints on thinking in insight and invention. In R. J. Sternberg & J. Davidson (Eds.), The nature of insight (pp. 281-326). Cambridge, MA: MIT Press.

Jacobs, R. C., & Campbell, D. T. (1961). The perpetuation of an arbitrary tradition thorough several generations of a laboratory microculture. Journal of Abnormal and Social Psychology, 83, 649-658.

Janis, I. L. (1982). Groupthink: Psychological Studies of Policy Decisions and Fiascoes. (2nd ed.). Boston: Houghton Mifflin Co.

Jasanoff, S. (1995). Science at the bar: Law, science, and technology in America. Cambridge, MA: Harvard University Press.

Jastrow, R. (1983). The dinosaur massacre: A double-barreled mystery. Science Digest, 91, 51-53, 109.

Jenkins, R. V. (1984). Elements of style: Continuities in Edison's thinking. Annuals of the New York Academy of Sciences, 424, 149-162.

Jenkins, L. B., & MacDonald, W. B. (1989). Science teaching in the spirit of science. Issues in science and technology, 5(3), 60-65.

Jesse H. Ausubel, e., & Hedy E. Sladovich, e. (Eds.). (1989). Technology and Environment. Washington, D.C.: printed in the United States of American (National Academy of Sciences).

Jewkes, J., Sawers, D., & Stillerman, R. (1969). The Sources of Invention. (2nd ed.). New York: W.W. Norton &Co., Inc.

Jintang, L., & Weide, L. (1991). Tibet Shares the Sun: Solar Projects in Tibet. SunWorld, 15(5), 10-11.

Job Kozhamthadam, S. J. (1994). The Discovery of Kepler's Laws: The Interaction of Science, Philosophy and Religion. Notre Dame: University of Notre Dame Press.

Johnson-Laird, P. N., & Wason, P. C. (1970). Insight into a logical relation. Quarterly Journal of Experimental Pyschology, 22, 49-61.

Johnson-Laird, P. N., & Wason, P. C. (1977). A Theoretical analysis of insight into a reasoning task. In P. N. Johnson-Laird, & Wason, P. C. (Ed.), Thinking: Readings in Cognitive Science . Cambridge: Cambridge University Press.

Johnson-Laird, P. N. (1983). Mental Models. Cambridge: Harvard University Press.

Johnson-Laird, P. N. (1988). The Computer and the Mind. Cambridge: Harvard University Press.

Johnson-Laird, P. N. (1993). Human and machine thinking. Hillsdale, NJ: Lawrence Erlbaum.

Josephson, M. (1959). Edison: A Biography. New York: McGraw-Hill.

Judson, H. F. (1984). Century of the sciences. Science 84, 5(9), 41-43.

Kagiwada, J. (1994). Using Case Studies to Understand Design and Invention. , The University of Virginia.

Kanigel, R. (1991). The man who knew infinity: A life of the genius Ramanujan. New York: Charles Scribner's Sons.

Karp, P. D. (1990). Hypothesis formation as design. In L. Schrager. J., P. (Ed.), Computational Models of Discovery and Theory Formation (pp. 275-318). San Mateo, CA: Morgan Kaufmann Publishers, Inc.

Keane, M. T. (1993, ). Analogical asides on case-based reasoning. Paper presented at the Topics in case-based reasoning, Kaiserslauten, Germany.

Keith, W. (1995). Response to Labinger. Social Studies of Science, 25(2), 321-324.

Keller, E. F. (1983). A Feeling for the Organism: The Life and Work of Barbara McClintock. New York: W. H. Freeman & Co.

Kennedy, P. (1993). Preparing for the Twenty-First Century. New York: Random House.

Kern, L. (1982). The effect of data error in inducing confirmatory inference strategies in scientific hypothesis testing. Unpublished Ph.D. dissertation, Ohio State University.

Kern, L. G., Mirels, H. L., & Hinshaw, V. G. (1983). Scientists' understanding of propositional logic: An experimental investigation. Social Studies of Science, 13, 131-146.

Kessler, D. (1992). The basis of the FDA's decision on breast implants. New England Journal of Medecine, 226(25 (June 18, 1992)), 1713-1715.

Kevles, D. J. (1977). The Physicists: The history of a scientific community in modern America. New York: Alfred A. Knopf.

Kidder, T. (1981). The soul of a new machine. Boston: Little, Brown.

Kingsbury, J. E. (1915). The Telephone and Telephone Exchanges: Their Invention and Development. New York: Longmans, Green. Reprinted Arno, 1972.

Kivenson, G. (1977). The Art and Science of Inventing. New York: Van Nostrand Reinhold Co.

Klahr, D., & Dunbar, K. (1988). Dual space search during scientific reasoning. Cognitive Science, 12, 1-48.

Klahr, D., Dunbar, K., & Fay, A. L. (1990). Designing good experiments to test bad hypotheses. In J. Shrager, & Langley, P. (Ed.), Computational Models of Discovery and Theory Formation (pp. 355-402). San Mateo, CA: Morgan Kaufmann Publishers, Inc.

Klahr, D., & Fay, A. L. (1993). Heuristics for Scientific Experimentation: A Developmental Study. Cognitive Psychology, 25, 111-146.

Klahr, D. (1995, ). Cognitive psychology and scientific discovery. Paper presented at the Society for Social Studies of Science, Charlottesville, VA.

Klayman, J., & Ha, Y.-W. (1987). Confirmation, disconfirmation and information in hypothesis testing. Psychological Review, 94, 211-228.

Klein, G. A. (1989). Recognition-primed decisions. In W. B. Rouse (Ed.), Advances in man-machine systems research (Vol. 5, pp. 47-92). Greenwich, CT: JAI Press.

Klotz, I. M. (1980). The N-ray affair. Scientific American, 242, 169-175.

Knorr-Cetina, K. (1995). How superorganismas change: Consensus formation and he social ontology of high-energy physics experiments. Social Studies of Science, 25(1), 119-147.

Knorr-Cetina, K. (1995). Laboratory studies: The cultural approach to the study of science. In S. Jasanoff, G. E. Markle, J. C. Petersen, & T. Pinch (Eds.), Handbook of science and technology studies . Thousand Oaks, CA: Sage.

Koedinger, K. R., & Anderson, J. R. (1990). Abstract planning and perceptual chunks:

Elements of expertise in geometry. Cognitive Science, 14, 511-550.

Koestler, A. (1963). The Sleepwalkers. New York: Grosset & Dunlap.

Kohlberg, L. (1984). The psychology of moral development: The nature and validity of moral stages. (1st ed.). (Vol. II). San Francisco: Harper & Row.

Kolata, G. (1995, Tuesday, July 4). New clue to heart disease: A Vitamin lack. New York Times, pp. 11, 13.

Kolb, D. A. (1984). Experiential Learning. Englewood Cliffs, NJ: Prentice-Hall.

Kolodner, J. L. (1991). Improving human decision making through case-based decision aiding. AI Magazine(Summer), 52-68.

Kolodner, J. (1993). Case-based reasoning. San Mateo, CA: Morgan Kaufmann Publishers, Inc.

Kolodner, J. (1993, ). Understanding creativity: A case-based approach. Paper presented at the Topics in case-based reasoning, Kaiserslauten, Germany.

Kosslyn, S. M. (1980). Image and MInd. Cambridge: Harvard University Press.

Kossovsky, N. (1993). "Surface Dependent Antigens Identified by High Binding Avidity of Serum Antibodies in a Subpopulation of Patients with Breast Implants.". Journal of Applied Biomaterials, 4, 281-288.

Kota, S., & Ward, A. C. Functions, Structures and Constraints in Conceptual Design. , 239-250.

Krishnamurti, J. (1970). The urgency of change. New York: Harper & Row.

Kroes, P. (1995). Teachnology and science-based heuristics. In J. C. Pitt (Ed.), New directions in the philosophy of technology (pp. 17-39). Dordrecht: Kluwer Academic Publishers.

Kuhn, T. S. (1957). The Copernican Revolution. Cambridge: Harvard University Press.

Kuhn, T. S. (1962). The Structure of Scientific Revolutions. Chicago: University of Chicago Press.

Kuhn, T. S. (1970). Logic of discovery or psychology of research? Reflections on my critics. In I. Lakotos, & Musgrave, A. (Ed.), Criticism and the Growth of Knowledge . London: Cambridge University Press.

Kuhn, D. (1989). Children and adults as intuitive scientists. Psychological review, 96(4), 674-689.

Kulkarni, D., & Simon, H. A. (1988). The processes of scientific discovery: The strategies of experimentation. Cognitive Science, 12, 139-175.

Kurtz, P. (Ed.). (1985). A Skeptic's Handbook of Parapsychology. Buffalo: Prometheus Books.

Kvale, S. (1997). Research apprenticeship. Nordisk Pedagogik, 17(3), 186-194.

Labinger, J. A. (1995). Science as culture: The view from the petri dish. Social Studies of Science, 25, 295-306.

Lakatos, I. (1978). The Methodology of Scientific Research Programmes. Cambridge: Cambridge University Press.

Langley, P., Simon, H. A., Bradshaw, G. L., & Zykow, J. M. (1987). Scientific Discovery: Computational Explorations of the Creative Processes. Cambridge: MIT Press.

Lappe, M. (1993). "Silicone-Reactive Disorder: A New Autoimmune Disease Caused by Immunostimulation and Superantigens". Medical Hypotheses, 41, 348-352.

Larkin, J. H., McDermott, J., Simon, D. P., & Simon, H. A. (1980). Expert and novice performance in solving physics problems. Science, 208, 1335-1342.

Larkin, J. (1983). The role of problem representation in physics. In D. Gentner, & Stevens, A. L. (Ed.), Mental Models (pp. 75-98). Hillsdale, NJ: Lawrence Erlbaum Associates.

Larkin, J. H., & Simon, H. A. (1987). Why a diagram is (sometimes) worth ten thousand words. Cognitive Science, 11, 65-99.

Lasalandra, M. (1997, February 23). Suits stall research into women's health. Boston Herald, pp. 1, 18.

Latour, B., & Woolgar, S. (1986). Laboratory Life: The Construction of Scientific Facts. Princeton: Princeton University Press.

Latour, B. (1987). Science in Action. Cambridge: Harvard University Press.

Latour, B. (1993). We Have Never Been Modern. Cambridge, MA: Harvard University Press.

Latour, B. (1996). Aramis, or, The love of technology. Cambridge, MA: Harvard University Press.

Lauden, L. (1977). Progress and Its Problems: Towards a Theory of Scientific Growth. Berkeley: University of California Press.

Laughlin, P. R., & Futoran, G. C. (1985). Collective induction: Social combination and sequential transition. Interpersonal Relations and Group Processes, 48, 608-613.

Laughlin, P. R. (1988). Collective induction: Group performance, social combination processes, and mutual majority and minority influence. Journal of Personality and Social Psychology, 54, 254-267.

Law, J. (1987). Technology and Heterogeneous Engineering. In W. E. Bjiker, T. P. Hughes, & T. J. Pinch (Eds.), The Social Construction of Technological Systems . Cambridge: MIT Press.

Laws, P. (1991). Workshop Physics: Learning introductory physics by doing it. Change(July/August 1991).

Leach, C. (1992, Wednesday, January 8). Reference to implant memo irresponsible. Midland Daily News, pp. A4.

Leary, D. (1980). The intentions and heritage of Descartes and Locke: Toward a recognition of the moral basis of modern psychology. The Journal of General Psychology, 102, 283-310.

Leary, D. (Ed.). (1990). Metaphors in the History of Psychology. New York: Cambridge University Press.

LeGrand, H. E. (1988). Drifting continents and shifting theories. Cambridge: Cambridge University Press.

Legrenzi, P., Butera, F., Mugny, G., & Perez, J. (1991). Majority and minority influence in inductive reasoning: A preliminary study. European Journal of Social Psychology, 21, 359-363.

Lele, S. M. (1991). Sustainable development: A critical review. World Development, 19(6), 607-621.

Lenat, D. B. (1983). Toward a theory of heuristics. In M. Groner, Groner, R., & Bischof, W. F. (Ed.), Methods of Heuristics (pp. 351-404). Hillsdale, NJ: Lawrence Erlbaum Associates.

Lennox, J. G. (1989). Thought experiments: Public and private .

Leopold, A. (1966). A Sand County Almanac with Essays on Conservation from Round River. New York: Ballantine Books.

Levin, S. G., Stephan, P. E., & Walker, M. B. (1995). Planck's principle revisited: A note. Social Studies of Science, 25, 275-283.

Lewan, T. (1994, April). Curitiba, Brazil: Model metropolis as it grows. Safety+Health, 44-48.

Lewin, K., Lippitt, R., & White, R. (1939). Patterns of aggressive behavior in artificially created "social climates". Journal of Social Psychology, 10, 271-299.

Lewis, T. (1991). Empire of the Air: The Men Who Made Radio. New York: HarperCollins.

Lewis, W. D., & Trimble, W. F. (1992). The airmail pickup system of All American Aviation: A failed innovation? Social Studies of Science, 22(2), 245-262.

Lovins, L. H., Lovins, A. B., & Zuckerman, S. (1986). Energy Unbound: A Fable for America's Future. San Francisco: Sierra Club Books.

Lovins, A. R., & Lovins, L. H. (1995, January). Reinventing the wheels. Atlantic Monthly, 73-93.

Lowenstein, B. V. (1995). From fax to facts: Communication in the cold fusion saga. Social Studies of Science, 25(3), 403-436.

Luegenbiehl, H. C. D., Don L. (1987). The role of values in the teaching of design. Engineering Education(January).

Lutyens, M. (1975). Krishnamurti: The years of awakening. New York: Farrar, Straus & Giroux.

Lynch, M. (1992). Extending Wittgenstein: The pivotal move from epistemology to sociology of science. In A. Pickering (Ed.), Science as practice and culture . Chicago: University of Chicago Press.

Macfarlane, G. (1984). Alexander Fleming: The man and the myth. Cambridge, MA: Harvard University Press.

Mackenzie, D., & Spinardi, G. (1995). Tacit knowledge, weapons design, and the uninvention of nuclear weapons. American Journal of Sociology, 101(1), 44-99.

Magenta, J. (1997). Growth through global sustainability: An interview with Monsanto's CEO, Robert B. Shapiro. Harvard Business Review, Reprint 97110(January/February), 78-88.

Mahoney, M. J. (1976). Scientists as Subject: the Psychological Imperative. Cambridge, MA: Ballinger.

Mahoney, M. J., & Kimper, T. P. (1976). From ethics to logic: A survey of scientists. In M. J. Mahoney (Ed.), Scietntist as Subject: The Psychological Imperative (pp. 187-193). Cambridge, MA: Ballinger.

Mahoney, M. J. (1977). Publication prejudices: An experimental study of confirmatory bias in the peer review system. Cognitive Therapy and Research, 1, 161-175.

Mahoney, M. J. (1979). Psychology of the scientist: An evaluative review. Social Studies of Science, 9, 349-375.

Mahoney, M. J. (1987). Scientific publication and knowledge politics. Journal of Scoial Behavior and Personality, 2, 165-176.

Mahoney, M. J. (1989). Participatory epistemology and psychology of science. In B. Gholson, Shadish, W. R., Neimeyer, R. A., & Houts, A. C. (Ed.), Psychology of Science: Contributions to Metascience . Cambridge: Cambridge University Press.

Mahowald, M. A., & Mead, C. (1991).

The silicon retina. Scientific American, 264(May), 76-82.

Mahowald, M. A., & Douglas, R. (1991). A silicon neuron. Nature, 354(December 19/26), 515-518.

Manes, S., & Andrews, P. (1993). Gates. New York: Doubleday.

Manier, E. (1987). "External Factors" and "Ideology" in the earliest drafts of Darwin's Theory. Social Studies of Science, 17, 581-610.

Marcy, G., & Butler, P. (1995). Confirmation of Velocity Variations of 51 Peg: http://zebu.uoregon.edu/51peggm.html.

Margolis, H. (1993). Paradigms and barriers: How habits of mind govern scientific beliefs. Chicago: University of Chicago Press.

Marks, L. E. (1989). The languages of psychology. Newsletter of Division 10, Pychology and the Arts, American Pychological Association(Fall/Winter), 10-20.

Martin, M. W., & Schinzinger, R. (1989). Ethics in Engineering. (2nd ed.). New York: McGraw Hill.

Martindale, C. (1995). Creativity and connectionism. In S. M. Smith, T. B. Ward, & R. A. Finke (Eds.), The creative cognition approach . Cambridge, MA: MIT Press.

Martini, K. (1996, ). How tangled a web to weave. Paper presented at the Teaching Resource Center Workshop, University of Virginia.

Massaro, D. W. (1989). Multiple book review of Speech Perception by Eye and Ear: A paradigm for psychological inquiry. Behavioral and Brain Sciences, 12, 741-794.

Masterman, M. (1970). The nature of paradigm. In I. Lakatos, & Musgrave, A. (Ed.), Criticism and the Growth of Knowledge . London: Cambridge University Press.

Mathews, R. C., Buss, R. R., Chinn, R., & Stanley, W. B. (1988). The role of explicity and implicit learning processes in concept discovery. Quarterly Journal of Experimental Psychology, 40A, 135-165.

Matthews, M. R. (1994). Science Teaching: The Role of History and Philosophy of Science. London: Routledge.

Maxwell, J. C. (1890). The scientific papers of James Clerk Maxwell. New York: Dover Publications, Inc.

McClean, G. F. (1993). Integrating ethics and design. IEEE Technology and Society Magazine(Fall), 19-30.

McCloskey, M. (1983). Naive theories of motion. In D. Gentner, & Stevens, A. L. (Ed.), Mental Models (pp. 299-324). Hillsdale, NJ: Lawrence Erlbaum Associates.

McDonough, W. (1992). The Hannover principles: Design for sustainability : William McDonough Architects.

McDonough, W. (1995). The William McDonough Collection : DesignTex, Inc.

McDonough, W. (1997, April 4-6). Waste equals food: desigining for material and ethical prosperity. Paper presented at the Environmental Challenges to Business. Ruffin Lectures in Business Ethics, Charottesville, VA.

McGuire, W. J. (1989). A perspectivist approach to the strategic planning of programmatic scientific research. In B. Gholson, Shadish, W. R., Neimeyer, R. A., & Houts, A. C. (Ed.), Psychology of Science: Contributions to Metascience . Cambridge: Cambridge University Press.

McKibben, B. (1995, September 25). Busman's holiday. New York, 65-66, 107-109.

McKinlay, A., & Potter, J. (1987). Model discourse: Interpretative repertoires in scientist's conference talk. Social Studies of Science, 17, 443-463.

Meadows, D. H., Meadows, D. L., Randers, J., & III, W. W. B. (1972). The limits to grwoth. New York: New AMerican Library.

Mehalik, M. M., Gorman, M. E., & Werhane, P. (1996). DesignTex, Inc. A & B (Business Case E-0099, E-0100). Charlottesville, VA: Darden Graduate School of Business Administration, University of Virginia.

Mehalik, M. M., Gorman, M. E., & Werhane, P. (1997). Rohner Textil AG (A-D) (Business Case E-0107 to E-0110). Charlottesville, VA: Darden Graduate School of Business Administration, University of Virginia.

Merchant, C. (1997, ). Partnership ethics: Business and the environment. Paper presented at the Ruffin Lectures in Business Ethics, Olsson Center for Applied Ethics, Darden School, University of Virginia.

Merton, R. K. (1970). Science, technology and society in 17th century England. New York: Howard Furtig.

Merton, R. K. (1973). The sociology of science: Theoretical and empirical investigations. Chicago: University of Chicago Press.

Messeri, P. (1988). Age differences in the reception of new scientific theory: The case of plate tectonics theory. Social Studies of Science, 18, 91-112.

Metcalfe, J., & Shimamura, A. P. (Eds.). (1994). Metacognition. Cambridge, MA: MIT Press.

Mey, M. D. (1992). The Cognitive Paradigm: An Integrated Understanding of Scientific Development. (2nd ed.). Chicago: The University of Chicago Press.

Meyer, R. O. (1995). Old time telephones: Technology, restoration and repair. New York: TAB Books.

Michalski, J. (1997). Lifestyle characteristics need to be considered when evaluation safety of breast implants ( Press Release ). Chicago: American Medical Association.

Milgram, S. (1974). Obedience to Authority. New York: Harper & Row.

Miller, A. L. (1989). Imagery, metaphor, and physical reality. In B. Gholson, Shadish, W. R., Neimeyer, R. A., & Houts, A. C. (Ed.), Psychology of Science: contributions to Metascience (pp. 326-341). Cambridge: Cambridge University Press.

Miller, J. P. (1997, August 26). Dow Corning offers revised reorganization plan. The Wall Street Journal, pp. A3, A10.

Minsky, M. (1985). The Society of Mind. New York: Simon & Schuster.

Mitroff, I. I. (1974). The Subjective Side of Science. Amsterdam: Elsevier.

Mitroff, I. I. (1981). Scientists and confirmation bias. In R. D. Tweney, Doherty, M. E., & Mynatt, C. R. (Ed.), On Scientific Thinking (pp. 170-175). New York: Columbia University Press.

Moscovici, S. (1974). Social influence I: Conformity and social control. In C. Nemeth (Ed.), Social Psychology: Classic and Contemporary Integrations (pp. 179-216). Chicago: Rand McNally.

Moscovici, S., & Nemeth, C. (1974). Social influence II: Minority influence. In C. Nemeth (Ed.), Social Psychology: Classic and Contemporary Integrations (pp. 217-249). Chicago: Rand McNally.

Moscovici, S. (1993). Toward a Social Psychology of Science. Journal for the Theory of Social Behavior, 23(4), 343-374.

Mulkay, M. (1988). Don Quizote's double: A self-exemplifying text. In S. Woolgar (Ed.), Knowledge and Reflexivity . London: Sage.

Mulkay, M. (1996). Frankenstein and the debate over embryo research. Science, Technology and Human Values, 21(2), 157-176.

Myers, G. (1990). Writing Biology: Texts in the Social Construction of Scientific Knowledge. Madison: The University of Wisconsin Press.

Myers, G. (1995). Writing and rewriting of two patents. Social Studies of Science, 25(1), 57-106.

Mynatt, C. R., Doherty, M. E., & Tweney, R. D. (1977). Confirmation bias in simulated research environment: An experimental study of scientific inference. Quarterly Journal of Experimental Psychology, 29, 85-95.

Mynatt, C. R., Doherty, M. E., & Tweney, R. D. (1978). Consequences of confirmation and disconfirmation in a simulated research environment. Quarterly Journal of Experimental Psychology, 30, 395-406.

Neisser, U. (1967). Cognitive Psychology. New York: Appelton-Century Crofts.

Neisser, U. (1982). Memory Observed. San Francisco: W.H. Freeman.

Nersessian, N. J. (1984). Faraday to Einstein: Constructing meaning in scientific theories. Dordrecht: Kluwer Academic Publishers.

Nersessian, N. J., & Resnick, L. B. (1989). Comparing historical and intuitive explanations of motion: Does "naive physics" have a structure? Proceedings of the Cognitive Science Society, 11, 412-420.

Nersessian, N. J., & Greeno, J. G. (1990). Multiple abstracted representations in problem solving and discovery in physics. Proceedings of the Cognitive Science Society, 12, 77-84.

Nersessian, N. (1992). How do scientists think? Capturing the dynamics of conceptual change in science. In R. N. Giere (Ed.), Cognitive Models of Science (Vol. XV, pp. 3-44). Minneapolis: University of Minnesota Press.

Nersessian, N. J. (October 1994, ). Kuhn and the cognitive revolution. Paper presented at the HSS/PSA/4S, New Orleans, LA.

Newell, A., & Simon, H. A. (1972). Human Problem Solving. Englewood Cliffs, NJ: Prentice-Hall.

Newell, A. (1983). The heuristic of George Polya and its relation to Artificial Intelligence. In M. Groner, Groner, R., & Bischof, W. F. (Ed.), Methods of Heuristics (pp. 195-244). Hillsdale, NJ: Lawrence Erlbaum Associates.

Newell, A. (1983). The heuristic of George Plya and its relation to Artificial Intelligence. In M. Groner, Groner, R., & Bishof, W. F. (Ed.), Methods of Heuristics . Hillsdale, NJ.

Newstead, S., & Evans, J. S. B. T. (In Press). Current Directions in Thinking and Reasoning: Lawrence Erlbaum Associates.

Nisbett, R. E., Krantz, D. H., Jepson, C., & Fong, G. T. (1982). Imporving inductive inference. In D. Kahneman, Slovic, P., & Tversky, A. (Ed.), Judgment under Uncertainty: Heuristics and Biases (pp. 3-22). Cambridge: Cambridge University Press.

Nix, S. J., & Hirtzel, C. S. (1996). Building a world view: A course in environmental literacy for undergraduates. Journal of Engineering Education, 85(1), 23-26.

Nocera, J. (1995). "Fatal Litigation". Fortune(October 16, 1995), 60-82.

Norman, D. A. (1983). Some observations on mental models. In D. S. Gentner, A. L. (Ed.), Mental Models (pp. 7-14). Hillsdale, NJ: Lawrence Erlbaum Associates.

Norman, D. A. (1988). The Psychology of Everyday Things. New York: Basic Books.

Norman, D. A. (1993). Things That Make Us Smart: Defending Human Attributes in the Age of the Machine. New York: Addison Wesley.

Norman, D. A. (1993). Cognition in the head and the world: An introduction to the special issue on situated action. Cognitive Science, 17, 1-6.

Northrop, M. F., Riggs, P. W., & Raymond, F. A. (1995). Selling solar: Financing household solar energy in the developing world (Pocantico Paper 2). Pocantico Conference Center: Rockefeller Brothers Fund.

Oaksford, M., & Chater, N. (1994). Another look at eliminative and enumerative behaviour in a conceptual task. The European Journal of Cognitive Psychology, 6, 149-169.

Oaksford, M., & Chater, N. (1994). A rational analysis of the selection task as optimal data selection. Psychological Review, 101(4), 608-631.

Orne, M. T. (1962). On the social psychology of the psychological experiment with particular reference to the demand characteristics and their implications. American Psychologist, 17, 776-783.

Overbye, D. (1997, July 13th). The cosmos according to Darwin. The New York Times Magazine, 24-27.

Pacey, A. (1989). The Culture of Technology. Cambridge, MA: MIT Press.

Paivio, A. (1986). Mental Representations: A Dual Coding Aproach. New York: Oxford University Press.

Panitz, B. (1995). Ethics instruction: An undergraduate essential. ASEE Prism(October), 21-25.

Passow, A. H. (1988). . In N. S. T. Association. (Ed.), Gifted young in science:Potential through perfomance (pp. 27-38). Washington D.C.: National Science Teachers Association.

Perkins, D. N. (1981). The Mind's Best Work. Cambridge, MA: Harvard University Press.

Perkins, D. N. (1992). The topography of invention. In R. J. Weber & D. N. Perkins (Eds.), Inventive minds (pp. 238-250). New York: Oxford University Press.

Perkins, D. N. (1997). Creativity's camel: The role of analogy in induction. In T. B. Ward, S. M. Smith, & J. Vaid (Eds.), Creative Thought . Washington, D.C.: American Psychological Association.

Perrow, C. (1984). Normal accidents. New York: BasicBooks.

Perry, W. (1970). The Forms of Intellectual and Ethical Development in the College Years; A Scheme. New York: Holt, Rinehart and Winston.

Peters, D. P., & Ceci, S. J. (1982). Peer review practices of psychology journals. The Behavioral and Brain Sciences, 5, 187-225.

Petroski, H. (1994). Design paradigms: Case histories of error and judgment in engineering. Cambridge, UK: Cambridge University Press.

Petroski, H. (1996). Invention by design: How engineers get from thought to thing. Cambridge, MA: Harvard University Press.

Petzinger, T. (1997, Friday, July 11th). Business achieves its greatest efficiencies when at its greenest. The Wall Street Journal, pp. B1.

Philip, C. O. (1985). Robert Fulton: A Biography. New York: Franklin Watts.

Piaget, J., & Garcia, R. (1989). Psychogenesis and the history of science (Helga Feider, Trans.). New York: Columbia University Press.

Pickering, A. (Ed.). (1992). Science as practice and culture. Chicago: University of Chicago Press.

Pickering, A. (1992). From science as knowledge to science as practice. In A. Pickering (Ed.), Science as practice and culture . Chicago: University of Chicago Press.

Pickering, A., & Stephanides, A. (1992). Constructing quaternions: On the analysis of conceptual practice. In A. Pickering (Ed.), Science as practice and culture . Chicago: University of Chicago Press.

Pickering, A. (1993). The mangle of practice: Agency and emergence in the sociology of science. American Journal of Sociology, 99(3), 559-589.

Pinch, T. (1985). Theory testing in science - the case of solar neutrinos: Do crucial experiments test theories or theorists? Philosophy of the Social Sciences, 15, 167-187.

Pinch, T. J., & Bijker, W. E. (1987). The social construction of facts and artifacts: Or how the sociology of knowledge and the sociology of technology might benefit each other. In W. E. Bjiker, T. P. Hughes, & T. J. Pinch (Eds.), The Social Construction of Technological Systems (pp. 17-50). Cambridge: MIT Press.

Pinch, T. (1993). Generations of SSK. Social Studies of Science, 23(2), 363-372.

Pinch, T. (1997). Kuhn--The conservative and radical interpretations: Are some Mertonians 'Kuhnians' and some Kuhnians 'Mertonians'? Social Studies of Science, 27(3), 465-482.

Pittenger, J. B. (1991). Cognitive physics and event perception: Two approaches the the assessment of people's knowledge of physics. In R. R. Hoffman & D. S. Palermo (Eds.), Cogniton and the symbolic processes: Applied and ecological perspectives . Hillsdale, NJ: Lawrence Erlbaum Associates.

Platt, J. R. (1964). Strong influence. Science, 146, 347-353.

Plucker, J. A., & Gorman, M. E. (1995). Group interaction during a summer course on invention and design for high ability secondary students. The Journal of Secondary Gifted Education(Summer), 258-272.

Popper, K. R. (1959). The Logic of Scientific Discovery. London: Hutchinson.

Popper, K. R. (1963). Conjectures and Refutations. London: Routledge & Kegan Paul.

Popper, K. R. (1970). Normal science and its dangers. In I. Lakatos, & Musgrave, A. (Ed.), Criticism and the growth of knowledge . London: Cabridge University Press.

Popper, K. R. (1992). In Search of a Better World: Lectures and Essays From Thirty Years. London: Routledge.

Portugal, F. H., & Cohen, J. S. (1977). A century of DNA:

A history of the discovery of the structure and function of the genetic substance. Cambridge, MA: MIT Press.

Potter, J., & Wetherell, M. (1987). Discourse and Social Psychology: Beyond Attitudes and Behaviour. London & Beverly Hills: Sage.

Prescott, G. B. (1878). The Speaking Telephone, Taling Phonograph and Other Novelties. New York: D. Appleton.

Prescott, G. B. (1884). Bells' Electric Speaking Telephone: Its Invention, Construction, Application, Modification and History. New York: D. Appleton: reprinted Arno, 1972.

Pylyshyn, Z. (1979). Metaphorical impressions and the top-down research strategy. In A. Ortony (Ed.), Metaphor and Thought . Cambridge: Cambridge University Press.

Qin, Y., & Simon, H. A. (1990). Laboratory replication of scientific discovery processes. Cognitive Science, 14, 281-312.

Quinn, D. (1992). Ishmael: An adventure of the mind and spirit. New York: Bantam/Turner.

Quinn, D. (1994). Providence. New York: Bantam Books.

Quinn, S. (1995). Marie Curie: A Life. New York: Simon & Schuster.

Rajamoney, S. (1990). A computational approach to theory revision. In J. Shrager, & Langley, P. (Ed.), Computational Models of Discovery and Theory Formation (pp. 225-254). San Mateo, CA: Morgan Kaufmann Publishers, Inc.

Ray, B. C. (1987). Stonehenge: A new theory. History of Religions, 2, 225-278.

Reichenbach, H. (1938). Experience and Prediction. Chicago: University of Chicago Press.

Reid, T. R. (1984). The Chip. New York: Simon & Schuster.

Reif, F., & Larkin, J. H. (1991). Cognition in scientific and everyday domains: Comparison and learning implications. Journal of Research in Science Teaching, 28(9), 733-760.

Rensberger, B. (1986). Death of the Dinosaurs: A true story? Discover(May), 28-35, 107-108.

Report, A. P. (December, 1994). Engineering Education for a Changing World. ASEE Prism, 21-27.

Rest, J., Barnett, R., Bebeau, M., Deemer, D., Getz, I., Moon, Y., Spickelmeier, J., Thoma, S., & Volker, J. (1986). Moral Development: Advances in Research and Theory. New York: Praeger Press.

Restivo, S. (October 20, 1995, ). The rejection of transcendence, immanence and psychologism. Paper presented at the Society for Social Studies of Science, Charlottesville, Va.

Restivo, S. (October, 1995, ). Sociology meets AI: A memo on the sociology of mind. Paper presented at the Society for Social Studies of Science, Charlottesville, VA.

Rhodes, F. L. (1929). Beginnings of Telephony. New York: Harper & Bros.

Rhodes, R. (1986). The making of the atomic bomb. New York: Simon & Schuster.

Rhodes, R. (1995). Dark sun: The making of the hydrogen bomb. New York: Simon & Schuster.

Richards, L. G., Gorman, M. E., Kagiwada, J. K., Scherer, W. T., Pet-Edwards, J., Carlson, W. B., & Cline, A. C. (1994, ). Teaching Invention & Design. Paper presented at the 1994 ASEE Conference Proceedings.

Richards, L. G., Gorman, M. E., Scherer, W. T., & Landel, R. D. (1995). Promoting active learning with cases and instructional modules. The Journal of Engineering Education, 84(4), 375-382.

Robert, K.-H., Daly, H., Hawken, P., & Holmberg, J. (1996). A compass for sustainable development. The Natural Step News(1), 3-4.

Root-Bernstein, R. S. (1989). Discovering: Inventing and Solving Problems at the Frontiers of Human Knowledge. Cambridge, MA: Harvard University Press.

Rosch, E. (1973). Natural categories. Cognitive Psychology, 4, 328-350.

Rosenbaum, J. T. (1997). Lessons from litigation over silicone breast implants: A call for. Science, 276(6 June), 1524-1525.

Rosenhan, D. L. (1973). On being sane in insane places. Science, 168, 250-258.

Rosenwein, R. (1994). Social Influence in Science: Agreement and Dissent in Achieving Scientific Consensus. In W. R. Shadish & S. Fuller (Eds.), The Social Psychology of Science (pp. 262-285). New York: Guilford Press.

Rosenwein, R., & Gorman, M. (1995). Heuristics, hypotheses, and social

influence: a new approach to the experimental simulation of social

epistemology. Social Epistemology, 9(1), 57-69.

Rossman, J. (1964). Industrial Creativity: The Psychology of the Inventor. New Hyde Park, New York: University Books.

Roth, W.-M., McGinn, M. K., & Bowen, G. M. (1996). Technology studies: Effecting change in science education. Science, Technology and Human Values, 21(4), 454-484.

Rouse, W. B., & Morris, N. M. (1986). The Great Devonian Controversy. Chicago: University of Chicago Press.

Rudwick, M. J. S. (1985). The Great Devonian Controversy. Chicago: University of Chicago Press.

Rumelhart, D. E., & McClelland, J. L. (1986). Parallel Distributed Processing. Cambridge, MA: MIT Press.

Runco, M. A., & Chand, I. (?). Problem Finding, Evaluative Thinking and Creativity. In ? (Ed.), ? (pp. ?). ?: ?

Ryle, G. (1949). The concept of mind. New York: Barnes & Noble.

Sagoff, M. (In Press). Do we consume too much? In L. Westra & P. Werhane (Eds.), Consumption: environmental ethics and business ethics perspectives : Rowaln & Littlefield P{ublishers, Inc.

Sanchez-Guerrero, J., & Colditz, C. (1995). "Silicone Breast Implants and the Risk of Connective Tissue Diseases and Symptoms". The New England Journal of Medicine, 332(June 22, 1995), 1666-1670.

Schachterlie, L. (1996, ). Paper presented at the American Society for Engineering Education, Washington, D.C.

Schaffer, S. (1994). Making up discovery. In M. Boden (Ed.), Dimensions of creativity (pp. 14-51). Cambridge, MA: MIT Press.

Schank, R., & Abelson, R. (1977). Scripts, Plans, Goals and Understanding: An Inquiry into Human Knowledge Structures. Hillsdale, NJ: Lawrence Erlbaum Associates.

Schank, R. C., & Cleary, C. (1995). Making machines creative. In S. M. Smith, T. B. Ward, & R. A. Finke (Eds.), The creative cognition approach (pp. 229-248). Cambridge, MA: MIT Press.

Schauble, L., Klopfer, L. E., & Raghavan, K. (1991). Student's Transition from an Engineering Model to a Science Model of Experimentation. Journal of Research in Science Teaching, 28(9), 859-882.

Schmidheiny, S. (1992). Changing Course: A Global Business Perspective on Development and the Environment. Cambridge: MIT Press.

Seabrook, J. (1993, January 11). The Flash of Genius. The New Yorker, 38-52.

Searle, J. (1984). Minds, brains and science. Cambridge, MA: Harvard University Press.

Seifert, C. M., Meyer, D. E., Davidson, N., Patalano, A. L., & Yaniv, I. (1995). Demystification of cognitive insight: Opportunistic assimilation and the prepared-mind perspective. In R. J. Sternberg & J. E. Davidson (Eds.), The nature of insight (pp. 65-124). Cambridge, MA: MIT Press.

Sen, A. (1992). Inequality reexamined. New York: Russell Sage Foundation.

Sen, A. (September 22, 1994, ). Population: Delusion and reality. The New York Review, 62-71.

Shadish, W. R. (1989). The perception and evaluation of quality in science. In B. Gholson, Shadish, W. R., Neimeyer, R. A., & Houts, A. C. (Ed.), Psychology of Science: Contributions to Metascience . Cambridge: Cambridge University Press.

Shadish, W. R., & Fuller, S. (Eds.). (1994). Social Psychology of Science. New York: Guilford Press.

Shadish, W. R., Fuller, S., & Gorman, M. E. (1994). Social psychology of science: A conceptual and empirical research program. In W. R. Shadish & S. Fuller (Eds.), Social Psychology of Science (pp. 3-123). New York: Guilford Press.

Shadish, W. R., Toliver, D., Gray, M., & Gupta, S. K. (1995). Author judgements about works they cite: Three studies from psychology journals. Social Studies of Science, 25(3), 477-498.

Shapin, S. (1982). History of science and its sociological reconstruction. History of Science, 20, 157-211.

Shelley, M. (1818). Frankenstein or, the modern Prometheus. (1985 ed.). London: Penguin Books.

Sherif, M. (1936). The Psychology of Social Norms. New York: Harper.

Sherif, M., Harvey, O. J., White, B. J., Hood, W. R., & Sherif, C. W. (1961). Intergroup Conflict and Cooperation: The Robber's Cave Experiment. Norman: University of Oklahoma Book Exchange.

Sherif, C. W. (1976). Orientation in social psychology. New York: Harper & Row.

Shrager, J., & Klahr, D. (1986). Instructionless learning about a complex device: the paradigm and observations. International Journal Man-Machine Studies, 29, 153-189.

Shrager, J. (1990). Commonsense perception and the psychology of theory formation. In J. Shrager, & Langley, P. (Ed.), Computational Models of Scientific Discovery and Theory Formation (pp. 437-470). San Mateo, CA: Morgan Kaufmann Publishers, Inc.

Shrager, J., & Langley, P. (1990). Computational Models of Scientific Discovery and Theory Formation. San Mateor, CA: Morgan Kaufmann Publishers, Inc.

Shrivastava, P. (1997, ). Ecocentering strategic management. Paper presented at the Ruffin Lectures in Business Ethics, Charlottesville, VA.

Sieber, J. E. (1989). On Studying the powerful (or fearing to do so): A vital role for IRBs. IRB: A Review of Human Subjects Research, 11, 1-6.

Siegel, H. (1980). Justification, discovery and the naturalization of epistemology. Philosophy of Science, 47, 297-321.

Sime, R. L. (1996). Lise Meitner: A life in physics. Berkeley: University of California Press.

Simina, M. D., & Kolodner, J. L. (1995, ). Opportunistic reasoning: A design perspective. Paper presented at the 17th Annual Cognitive Science Conference, Pittsburg, PA.

Simina, M. (1996). Cases, reasoning and Bell's telephone : Georgia Tech.

Simon, H. A. (1981). The Sciences of the Artificial. Cambridge, MA: MIT Press.

Simon, H. L., Langley, P. W., & Bradshaw, G. (1981). Scientific discovery as problem solving. Syntheses, 47, 1-27.

Simon, H. A. (1988). Knowledge and search in expert systems: Applications to scientific discovery .

Simon, H. A. (1989). ECHO AND STAHL: On the theory of combustion. Behavioral and Brain Sciences, 12, 487.

Simon, H. A. (1991). Models of my Life. New York: Basic Books.

Singley, M. R., & Anderson, J. R. (1989). The Transfer of Cognitive Skill. Cambrdige: Harvard University Press.

Sizer, T. R. (1984). Horace's Compromise: The Dilemma of the American High School. Boston: Houghton Mifflin Company.

Skinner, B. F. (1971). Beyond freedom and dignity. New York: Knopf.

Slezak, P. (1989). Scientific discovery by computer as empirical refutation of the Strong Programme. Social Studies of Science, 19(4), 563-600.

Slezak, P. (1990). Behaviorism and the strong programme .

Smith, L. D. (1986). Behaviorism and Logical Positivism. Stanford: Stanford University Press.

Smith, R. J. "The Dissenter". The Washington Post Magazine, December 7, 1997, pp. 18-21.

Snow, C. P. (1951). The Masters. (Vol. 2). New York: Charles Scribner's Sons.

Snow, C. P. (1963). The Two Cultures: and a Second Look. New York: Cambridge University Press.

Sobel, D. (1996, December 9). Among planets. The New Yorker, 72, 84-90.

Solomon, F. L., & Holt, J. E. (1993). On the nature of mechanical engineering work: An analysis of practice. International Journal of Engineering Education, 9(6).

Solomon, M. (November,1993, ). Happily ever after with consensus? Paper presented at the Society for Social Studies of Science, West Lafayette, IN?

Southerland, D. (1995, May 22). The International Power Generators. The Washington Post, pp. Washington Business section, 1, 12, 13.

Spencer, N. J., Hartnett, J., & Mahoney, M. J. (1986). Problems with reviews in the standard editorial practice. Journal of Social Behaior and Personality, 1, 21-36.

Spiro, R. J., Coulson, R. L., Feltovich, P. J., & Anderson, D. K. (1988, ). Cognitive Flexibility Theory: Advanced Knowledge Acquisition in Ill-Structured Domains. Paper presented at the Tenth Annual Conference of the Cognitive Science Society, Montral, Quebec, Canada.

Steiner, I. D. (1972). Group Process and Productivity. New York: Academic Press.

Stephenson, B. (1994). The Music of the Heavens: Kepler's Harmonic Astronomy. Princeton: Princeton University Press.

Sternberg, R. J. (1995). In search of the human mind. Fort Worth, TX: Harcourt Brace College Publishers.

Stich, S. P. (1985). Could man be an irrational animal? Synthese, 64, 115-135.

Stocker, J. M., Gorman, M. E., & Werhane, P. (1996). Dow Corning A: Breast implant design (Business case E-0104). Charlottesville, VA: Darden Graduate School of Business Administration, University of Virginia.

Stokes, D. E. (In Press). Pasteur's quadrant: Basic science and technological innovaton. Washington, D.C.: Brookings Institution.

Suchman, L. A. (1987). Plans and Situated Actions: The Problem of Human-Machine Interaction. Cambridge: Cambridge University Press.

Sulloway, F. (1983). Freud: Biologist of the Mind. New York: Basic Books.

Taubes, G. (1986). The game of the name is fame, but is it science? Discover, December, 28-52.

Taubes, G. (1993). Bad Science. New York: Random House.

Taubes, G. (1997, August). Beyond the soapsuds universe. Discover, 18, 52-59.

Taubes, G. (December, 1995). Silicone in the system. Discover, 65-71.

Taylor, L. (Unpublished Manuscript). The untold story of the telephone .

Technology, S. a. (1997, July 16th). Scientific justice. The Economist, 69-70.

Thagard, P. (1988). Computational Philosophy of Science. Cambridge: MIT Press.

Thagard, P. (1989). Explanatory coherence. Behavioral and Brain Sciences, 12, 435-467.

Thagard, P., Holyoak, K. H., Nelson, G., and Gochfeld, D. (1990). Analog retrieval by constraint satisfaction. Artificial Intelligence, 46, 259-310.

Thagard, P., & Nowak, G. (1990). The conceptual structure of the geological revolution. In J. Shrager, & Langley, P. (Ed.), Computational Models of Scientific Discovery and Theory Formation (pp. 27-72). San Mateo, CA: Morgan Kaufmann Publishers, Inc.

Thomas Petzinger, J. (1997, Friday, May 16). Carol Latham knows the spoils go to those who cross boundaries. Wall Street Journal, pp. B1.

Tukey, D. D. (1986). A philosophical and empirical analysis of subjects' modes of inquiry on the 2-4-6 task. Quarterly Journal of Experimental Psychology, 38A, 5-33.

Tversky, A., & Kahneman. (1982). Judgment under uncertainty: Heuristics and biases. In D. Kahneman, Slovic, P., & Tversky, A. (Ed.), Judgment under Uncertainty: Heuristics and Biases (pp. 3-22). Cambridge: Cambridge University Press.

Tweney, R. D., Doherty, M. E., Worner, W. J., Pliske, D. B., Mynatt, C. R., Gross, K. A., & Arkkelin, D. L. (1980). Strategies of rule discovery on an inference task. Quarterly Journal of Experimental Psychology, 32, 109-123.

Tweney, R. D., Doherty, M. E., & Mynatt, C. R. (Ed.). (1981). On Scientific Thinking. New York: Columbia University Press.

Tweney, R. D., Doherty, M. E. (1983). Rationality and the psychology of inference. Synthese, 57, 139-161.

Tweney, R. D. (1984). Cognitive psychology and the history of science: a new look at Michael Faraday. In H. Reppard, van Hoorn, W., & Bem, S. (Ed.), Studies in the History of Psychology and the Social Sciences, 2 (pp. 235-246). Leiden: Psychologisch Instituut van der Ryks--Universiteit Leiden.

Tweney, R. D. (1985). Faraday's discovery of induction: A cognitive approach. In D. Gooding, & James, F. (Ed.), Faraday Rediscovered: Essays on the Life and Work of Michael Faraday: 1791-1867 . New York: Stockton Press.

Tweney, R. D., & Yachanin, S. A. (1985). Can scientists assess conditional inferences? Social Studies of Science, 15, 155-173.

Tweney, R. D. (1986). Procedural representation in Michael Faraday's scientific thought. PSA 1986, 2, 336-344.

Tweney, R. D. (1989). A framework for the cognitive psychology of science. In B. Gholson, Shadish Jr., W. R., Neimeyer, R. A., & Houts, A. C. (Ed.), Psychology of Science . Cambridge: Cambridge University Press.

Tweney, R. D. (1989). Fields of enerprise: On Michael Faraday's thought. In D. B. Wallace & H. E. Gruber (Eds.), Creative people at work: Twelve cognitive case studies . New York: Oxford University Press.

Tweney, R. D. (1991). Faraday's notebooks: the active organization of creative science. Physical Education, 26, 301-306.

Tweney, R. D. (1994). Towards a cognitive psychology of science. Mexican Journal of Behavioral Analysis, 2o, 35-46.

Tweney, R. D., & Chitwood, S. T. (1995). Scientific reasoning. In S. Newstead & J. S. B. T. Evans (Eds.), Perspectives on Thinking and Reasoning . Hillsdale, N. J.: Lawrence Erlbaum Associates.

Ulrich, W. (1994). Can we secure future-responsive management through systems thinking and design? Interfaces, 24(4), 26-37.

Vallee-Tourangeau, F., Austin, N. G., & Rankin, S. (In Press). The Dax-Med effect in the 2 4 6 induction task: A test of the information-quantity hypothesis, a refutation of the goal-complementarity hypothesis, and a few other points. Quarterly Journal of Experimental Psychology.

Vanderford, M. L., & Smith, D. H. (1996). The silicone breast implant story: Communication and uncertainty. Mahwah, NJ: Lawrence Erlbaum Associates.

Vaughan, D. (1996). The Challenger Launch Decision. Chicago: The University of Chicago Press.

Vera, A. H., & Simon, H. A. (1993). Situated action: A symbolic interpretation. Cognitive Science, 17(1), 7-48.

Vosniadou, S., & Brewer, W. F. (1992). Mental models of the Earth: A study of conceptual change in childhood. Cognitive Psychology, 24(4), 535-585.

Walker, B. J., Doherty, M. E., & Tweney, R. D. (1987). The effects of feedback error on hypothesis testing .

Waltz, D. L. (1987). Applications of the Connection Machine. Computer(January), 85-97.

Waltz, D. L. (1988). Artificial intelligence. Daedlaus, 117, 191-212.

Ward, T. B., Finke, R. A., & Smith, S. M. (1995). Creativity and the mind. New York: Plenum Press.

Wason, P. C. (1960). On the failure to eliminate hypotheses in a conceptual task. Quarterly Journal of Experimental Psychology, 12, 129-140.

Wason, P. C. (1962). Reply to Wetherick. Quarterly Journal of Experimental Psychology, 14, 250.

Wason, P. C. (1966). Reasoning. In B. Foss (Ed.), New Horizons in Psychology:I . Baltimore: Penguin.

Wason, P. C., & Johnson-Laird, P. N. (1970). A conflict between selecting and evaluating information in an inferential task. British Journal of Psychology, 61, 509-515.

Wason, P. C. (1977). On the failure to eliminate hyupotheses... A second look. In P. N. Johnson-Laird, & Wason, P. C. (Ed.), Thinking: Readings in Cognitive Science . Cambridge: Cambridge University Press.

Wason, P. C. (1983). Realism and rationality in the selection task. In J. S. B. T. Evans (Ed.), Thinking and Reasoning: Psychological Approaches . London: Routledge & Kegan Paul.

Wason, P. C., & Green, D. W. (1984). Reasoning and mental representation. Quarterly Journal of Experimental Pyschology, 36A, 597-610.

Watson, T. A. (1913). The birth and babyhood of the telephone .

Watson, J. D. (1968). The Double Helix. New York: Atheneum.

Weber, R. J., & Dixon, S. (1989). Invention and gain analysis. Cognitive Pschology, 21, 1-21.

Weber, R. J., & Perkins, D. N. (1989). How to invent artifacts and ideas. New Ideas in Psychology, 7, 49-72.

Weber, R. J. (1992). Forks, Phonographs, and Hot Air Balloons: A field guide to inventive thinking. Oxford: Oxford University Press.

Weber, R. J., & Perkins, D. N. (Eds.). (1992). Inventive Minds. New York: Oxford University Press.

Weisberg, R. W. (1995). Case studies of creative thinking: Reproduction versus restructuring in the real world. In S. M. Smith, T. B. Ward, & R. A. Finke (Eds.), The creative cognition approach . Cambridge, MA: MIT Press.

Werhane, P. H. (1991). Engineers and management: The challenge of the Challenger incident. Journal of Business Ethics, 10, 605-616.

Werhane, P. H. (1994). A note on five traditional theories of moral reasoning (Darden Case Bibliography UVA-E-0092): Colgate Darden Graduate School of Business Administration, University of Virginia.

Werhane, P. (1996). A note on moral imagination (Darden Case Bibliography UVA-E-0114): Colgate Darden Graduate School of Business Administration, University of Virginia.

Westra, L., & Werhane, P. H. (Eds.). (1998). The business of consumption: Environental ethics and the global economy. Lanham, MD: Rowman & Littlefield.

Westrum, R., & Wilcox, H. A. (1989). Sidewinder. Invention & Technology(Fall), 57-63.

Wetherick, N. E. (1962). Eliminative and enumerative behaviour in a conceptual task. Quarterly Journal of Experimental Psychology, 14, 246-249.

Wharton, C. M., Cheng, P. W., & Wickens, T. D. (1993). Hypothesis-testing strategies: Why two goals are better than one. Quarterly Journal of Experimental Psychology, 46A(4), 743-758.

Whitbeck, C. (1996). Ethics as design: Doing justice to moral problems. Hastings Center Report, 26(3), 9-16.

Whiteside, D. E., & Goodpaster, K. E. (1984). Dow Corning Corporation: Business Conduct and Global Values (A) (HBS Case 9-385-018): Harvard Business School.

Wiener, N. (1993). Invention: The Care and Feeding of Ideas. Cambridge, MA: MIT Press.

Wilensky, R. (1983). Planning and Understanding: A Computational approach to Human Reasoning. Reading, MA: Addison-Wesley.

Williams, L. P. (1965). Michael Faraday: A Biography. New York: Basic Books.

Williams, S. W. (1997). The Brown Agenda. Geography, 82(1), 17-26.

Wills, G. (1992). Lincoln at Gettysburg: The words that remade America. New York: Simon & Schuster.

Wilson, K. G. (February 24-5, 1994, ). . Paper presented at the Teaching, Learning and Research at a Public University, University of Virginia.

Wise, G. (1992). Inventors and Corporations in the Maturing Electrical Industry, 1890-1940. In R. J. Weber & D. N. Perkins (Eds.), Inventive Minds (pp. 291-310). New York: Oxford University Press.

Wise, T. (1994). Tesla: A biographical novel of the world's greatest inventor. Atlanta: Turner Publishing, Inc.

Wise, M. N. (1996). The enemy without and the enemy within. Isis, 87, 323-327.

Wiser, M., & Carey, S. (1983). When heat and temperature were one. In D. Gentner, & Stevens, A. L. (Ed.), Mental Models (pp. 267-297). Hillsdale, NJ: Lawrence Erlbaum Associates.

Woolgar, S. (1987). Reconstructing man and machine: A note on sociological critiques of cognitivism. In W. E. Bjiker, Hughes, T., & Pinch, T. (Ed.), The Social Construction of Technological Systems . Cambridge: MIT Press.

Woolgar, S. (Ed.). (1988). Knowledge and Reflexivity. London: Sage.

Woolgar, S. (1989). A coffeehouse conversation on the possibility of mechanising discovery and its sociological analysis, with some thoughts on 'decisive refutations', 'adequate rebuttals' and the prospects for transcending the kinds of debate about the sociology of science of which this is an example. Social Studies of Science, 19(4), 658-668.

Wyden, P. (1984). Day one: Before Hiroshima and after. New York: Simon and Schuster.

Wysocki, B. (1997, April 9). Royalty rewards: How patent lawsuits makea quiet engineer rich and controversial. Wall Street Journal, pp. A1, A8.

Yergin, D. (1991). The prize: The epic quest for oil, money and power. New York: Simon & Schuster.

Zich, A. (1997, September). Before the flood. National Geographic, 192, 2-33.

Zimbardo, P. G. (1972). The Stanford prison experiment. [Slide/tape presentation]. Stanford: Philip G. Zimbardo, Inc., P.O. Box 4395, Stanford, CA 94305.

Zucker, L. G. (1977). The role of institutionalization in cultural persistence. American Sociological Review, 42, 726-743.